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[ Music ]

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[ Music ]

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>> In the post war boom times,
Seattle hosted a visionary,

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somewhat audacious
event called Century 21.

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And visitors flocked here
to glimpse the future.

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What they saw on the
fairgrounds was exciting.

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What they saw just beyond, was
exhilarating and a warning.

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Lake Washington with no swimming
signs, dying salmon runs,

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virgin forests, clear cut.

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Was this the price of progress?

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It was time to rethink,
recharge and reinvent.

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[ Music ]

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>> The gates to the
Century 21 Exposition opened

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at am on April 21, 1962.

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The fairgrounds sparkled, buzzed
with optimism and futurism.

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After various speeches
and a musical salute,

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the packed crowds at
Memorial Stadium went quiet

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as President John F.
Kennedy's voice came

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over the loudspeakers.

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>> I'm honored to open the
Seattle World's Fair today.

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May we open not only a great
world's fair, may we open an era

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of peace and understanding
among all mankind.

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Let the fair begin.

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>> He pushed a button and bells
rang, flags unfurled and a bank

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of howitzers blasted
off a 20-gun salute.

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Seattle's second
World's Fair had begun.

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The fair was a feast
for the imagination.

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Visitors rode the space age
monorail, the Bubbleator,

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the Sky Ride, and lounged by the
magical International Fountain.

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Lines formed at the Space Needle
for a memorable ride to the top.

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Cool exhibits filled the Science
Center while the Colosseum

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housed the World of Tomorrow,
a glimpse into the future.

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The fair brought together
amazing foreign exhibits as well

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as IBM, General Electric
and Ford.

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Picturephones, robots,
computers, jetpacks,

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moving sidewalks, air cars,
lunar colonies, cordless phones.

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It was all there.

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And for pure fun, there
were amusement park rides,

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stage venues, a food circus,
even a risque show street

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which offered up
adult entertainment.

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The fair captivated
visitors for six months

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and attracted more celebrities

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than Seattle had
ever seen before.

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Astronaut John Glenn
received a hero's welcome

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with his Project
Mercury space capsule.

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Other guests included
Prince Philip of England,

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comedian Bob Hope, Richard
Nixon, Igor Stravinsky,

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Benny Goodman, Ella Fitzgerald,
Ed Sullivan and Walt Disney.

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But some of the biggest
crowds came in September

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to see Elvis Presley
film scenes from

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"It Happened at the
World's Fair."

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[ Music ]

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On October 21, 1962, thousands
filled Memorial Stadium

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for the closing ceremonies.

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President Kennedy was
supposed to attend,

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but he canceled due to a cold.

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Unbeknownst to the fair
goers, he was actually dealing

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with the Cuban missile crisis.

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>> I now officially commit the
Seattle World's Fair to history.

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>> Almost 10 million
visitors experienced Seattle's

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and America's vision
for the 21st century.

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Afterward, the city
was left with 75-acres

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of civic pride: The
Seattle Center.

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The iconic Space Needle, the
Monorail, the Science Center

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and the Coliseum, now
the Climate Pledge Arena,

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are still with us.

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All a legacy to Seattle's
leap into the future.

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>> When Seattle hotel
executive Eddie Carlson dined

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in a revolving restaurant
nearly 500 ft above Stuttgart,

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he grabbed a napkin
and sketched an idea.

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A slender space needle
pointing toward the stars.

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Fair planners dismissed
Carlson's idea

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as too costly and impractical.

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But Seattle's business leaders
knew the fair needed a symbol.

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With no public funds
and no available land,

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they hunted for space
near the fairgrounds

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until they found a tiny
120 by 120-foot lot.

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Price, $75,000.

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Carlson enlisted a team to
create a 605-foot tripod,

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crowned by a saucer-shaped top
with a revolving restaurant.

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Five investors raised
$4.5 million.

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Construction began
in April 1961,

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barely a year before the fair.

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The needle required nearly
6,000 tons of concrete

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to anchor it to the ground.

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Crews worked nonstop, hoisting
the top into place by December,

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a remarkable achievement.

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When Century 21 opened,
the skeptics were silenced.

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Born from a napkin
sketch and sheer audacity,

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the Space Needle rose as
Seattle's enduring icon.

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[ Music ]

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>> When the World’s Fair closed,

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after six action-packed months,

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what remained was a 
citywide transformation.

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Seattle was still a
Boeing town--the Jet City.

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The first 727 took flight
in 1963, followed by the 737...

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and the behemoth 747.

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Boeing’s work on the
Apollo space program

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put it front and center
in the race to the moon.

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Suburban populations surged.

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They doubled in Kirkland, Renton,
Federal Way, and Shoreline.

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Bellevue also saw a major boost when the 
520 floating bridge was opened in ‘63.

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Interstate 5 helped drive change, too.

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The first two miles opened in
Seattle shortly after the fair.

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Construction plowed 
through neighborhoods,

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dividing the city.

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But despite controversy,

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by 1965 it was completed
to Everett.

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Two years later it
reached Tacoma.

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The Pacific Science Center
established itself as a

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world class educational 
institution.

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The Space Needle became
the town’s icon!

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The Seattle Center, a gathering place
for events and celebrations.

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Arts, sports, and education flourished.

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The Seattle Rep started in ‘63.

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A contemporary theater and 
Seattle’s first Black film festival followed.

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The SuperSonics, Seattle’s first
modern pro sports team,

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debuted in ‘67.

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The Seattle Aquarium and
the Kingdome were approved as well.

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Community colleges expanded 
and thrived.

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New libraries were built.

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The World’s Fair put
Seattle on the map.

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It gave the city an 
economic jolt,

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advanced educational and
cultural institutions,

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and sparked a spirit of
civic engagement.

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that seemed unstoppable.

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[ Music ]

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[ Music ]

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>> In the mid-20th century,

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Washington regularly
reelected two

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of the nation's most
powerful senators.

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Their nicknames were
Scoop and Maggie.

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Together they passed legislation

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that benefited all
of the Northwest.

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Scoop was Senator Henry M. Jackson,
born in Everett in 1912.

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Maggie was Senator Warren G.
Magnuson, born in Minnesota

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in 1905, who came west to
attend the UW Law School.

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Both witnessed and made history.

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Jackson passed important
environmental legislation before

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environmentalists
were even a term.

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He stood for support of
civil rights, tribal rights,

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international human rights and
Scoop ran for president in 1972

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and in 1976 but failed
to secure the nomination.

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He was a global statesman,

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served on the Armed
Services Committee

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and was a strong
supporter of the military.

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Upon his death in
1983, the UW Board

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of Regents renamed the School

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of International
Studies in his honor.

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Maggie was more liberal
than Scoop.

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He was also the more
powerful, serving as chair

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of the Appropriations
and Commerce Committees.

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Maggie had a close relationship

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with Presidents Kennedy,
Johnson and Carter.

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When Maggie remarried in
1964, LBJ was his best man.

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Magnuson delivered the
National Institutes of Health,

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the UW Medical Center, public
television, Amtrak and a ban

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on supertankers in Puget Sound.

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Maggie passed away in 1989.

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Magnuson Park was
named in his honor.

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Scoop served in the Senate
for 31 years, Maggie for 36.

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Two statesmen who roamed
the halls of power,

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bringing opportunities,
social justice and leadership

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to the people of Washington,
the country and the world.

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[ Music ]

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>> In the soaring ‘60s,

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Seattle lived up to the
promise of Century 21

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as the city’s economy road
Boeing’s rising fortunes.

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Cold War Boeing
built for the military,

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for space, and for passenger
jet travel.

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In 1966, Boeing
celebrated its 50th birthday.

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And local journalists enthused...

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[ANNOUNCER] “Boeing fortunes were never 
brighter than today.”

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-It seemed everyone in the Jet City
worked for Boeing,

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or Boeings, as the locals’
termed the region’s largest employer.

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The annual Boeing bonus
check was a feast

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for local retailers.

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In those go-go years,

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each commercial jet order
was front-page news.

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-Three, two, one...
[rumble of engine]

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Boeing built the first stage of 
the huge Saturn-Five rocket booster

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to power astronauts to the moon,

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design the massive 747,
and develop the world’s first

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supersonic passenger airliner,

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the ill fated SST.

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But the global economy stalled

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and air travel plummeted.

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In 1970, Boeing began a 17-month 
period without a single jet order.

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Then in 1971, U.S. Senate 
shut down the SST.

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Boeing fought bankruptcy and
the workforce free fall began.

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Over 100,000 workers were laid off.

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By late 1971, Boeing employed fewer 
than 33,000 workers,

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down from 150,000.

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Layoffs crippled local
machine shops,

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retailers and restaurants.

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The city suffered through the
longest deepest collapse

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since the Great Depression.

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Unemployment was stuck at 17%.

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Laid off engineers, machinists, 
and secretaries

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flooded the local job market

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and an avalanche of homes,
boats, and cars

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were offered dirt cheap.

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Thousands fled.

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Jokesters encouraged the last
person to flee Seattle to “turn out the lights.”

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Food banks struggled.

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Downtown Seattle was shuttered,

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dark and empty.

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Boeing boom town was now
Boeing gloom town.

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It would take years for
the company town to come back 

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 to a new normal.

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>> In the 1950s, Seattle
began to awaken to the costs

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of the city's rapid growth.

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Alarmingly, people couldn't
swim at Seattle's beaches

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because of unchecked pollution.

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Locals began calling Lake
Washington "Lake Stinko" due

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to the 20 million gallons
of raw sewage dumped daily

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into the lake by the
surrounding suburbs.

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Seattle and the other local
governments decided to act.

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Metro was formed.

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But in their rush to
clean up Lake Washington,

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the Duwamish River, home to
most of the city's industries,

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absorbed even more of
the region's pollution.

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Some of the sewage

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and stormwater fouling Lake
Washington was rerouted

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to the Duwamish, leaving the
river as a sacrifice zone

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that many assumed would
never again be used

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for swimming and fishing.

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People living near the
river carried the burden

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of highly polluted water as
well as fouled air and soils,

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with a life expectancy
eight years shorter

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than the city average.

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Residents began to take
matters into their own hands.

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Residents began to clean
up trash from the river

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and its creeks and to restore
native habitat for salmon.

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Leading the effort, Duwamish
Valley resident John Beal teamed

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up with the Duwamish tribal
leader, James Rasmussen.

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Together, they inspired
a volunteer movement

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that led the river to be listed
for superfund cleanup in 2001.

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Today, toxic pollution

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in the river bottom has
been reduced by half.

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Cleanup is ongoing with the
goal of restoring the health

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of the Duwamish and the
people who fish and swim

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in its waters by 2034.

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Success will depend on
sustaining the political will

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00:14:55,828 --> 00:14:59,431
to clean up the Duwamish
River the way Seattle cleaned

246
00:14:59,431 --> 00:15:01,300
up Lake Washington.

247
00:15:01,300 --> 00:15:06,372
Our history shows
us it's possible.

248
00:15:06,372 --> 00:15:11,343
[ Music ]

249
00:15:11,343 --> 00:15:18,017
>> In 1910, Seattle was booming
and rotting from the inside out.

250
00:15:18,017 --> 00:15:20,753
Mayor Hiram Gill and
police chief Charles

251
00:15:20,753 --> 00:15:25,524
"Wappy" Wappenstein had turned
the city into an open town,

252
00:15:25,524 --> 00:15:27,893
where gambling and
prostitution thrived

253
00:15:27,893 --> 00:15:29,295
under official protection.

254
00:15:29,295 --> 00:15:34,233
When Wappy's kickbacks and his
plan for a 500-room brothel came

255
00:15:34,233 --> 00:15:38,437
to light, public
outrage was electric.

256
00:15:38,437 --> 00:15:42,708
In response, reform-minded
citizens organized the Municipal

257
00:15:42,708 --> 00:15:44,376
League of Seattle.

258
00:15:44,376 --> 00:15:48,981
Its mission was simple:
facts before politics.

259
00:15:48,981 --> 00:15:52,751
League members rated
candidates, investigated graft

260
00:15:52,751 --> 00:15:54,620
and published their findings.

261
00:15:54,620 --> 00:15:57,289
A radical breath of
fresh air in an age

262
00:15:57,289 --> 00:15:59,758
of smoke-filled backrooms.

263
00:15:59,758 --> 00:16:03,462
The league helped spearhead the
creation of the port of Seattle

264
00:16:03,462 --> 00:16:07,266
in 1911, wresting control
of the city's waterfront

265
00:16:07,266 --> 00:16:11,770
from private monopolies and
placing it in public hands.

266
00:16:11,770 --> 00:16:13,272
It was a bold experiment

267
00:16:13,272 --> 00:16:16,842
in civic stewardship,
and it worked.

268
00:16:16,842 --> 00:16:20,879
The port became an engine of
trade and an enduring symbol

269
00:16:20,879 --> 00:16:23,949
of what reform could achieve.

270
00:16:23,949 --> 00:16:27,319
Through the creation of Metro
to clean up Lake Washington

271
00:16:27,319 --> 00:16:30,255
and the forward thrust
initiatives of the 60s,

272
00:16:30,255 --> 00:16:34,393
the league championed
clean water, parks, housing

273
00:16:34,393 --> 00:16:38,998
and transit, a blueprint
for a greener, fairer city.

274
00:16:38,998 --> 00:16:42,568
In the 70s, league leaders
pressed for landmark ethics

275
00:16:42,568 --> 00:16:46,872
and disclosure laws that
helped restore public trust.

276
00:16:46,872 --> 00:16:49,108
They also stood for
social progress,

277
00:16:49,108 --> 00:16:51,343
supporting school desegregation

278
00:16:51,343 --> 00:16:55,814
and pioneering campaign finance
transparency long before it

279
00:16:55,814 --> 00:16:57,583
became fashionable.

280
00:16:57,583 --> 00:17:01,253
For more than a century, the
Municipal League has served

281
00:17:01,253 --> 00:17:05,491
as Seattle's civic conscience,
evaluating candidates,

282
00:17:05,491 --> 00:17:07,393
spotlighting waste
and corruption,

283
00:17:07,393 --> 00:17:13,766
and reminding citizens that
democracy demands vigilance.

284
00:17:13,766 --> 00:17:16,902
>> Good government
doesn't happen by accident.

285
00:17:16,902 --> 00:17:20,672
It happens when citizens roll
up their sleeves and make it so.

286
00:17:20,672 --> 00:17:29,048
>> Jim Ellis was born in 1921.

287
00:17:29,048 --> 00:17:31,817
His life was shaped by
adventures with his brother Bob

288
00:17:31,817 --> 00:17:34,920
in the forests and waters
of the Pacific Northwest.

289
00:17:34,920 --> 00:17:38,624
Both men served in World War
II: Jim in the Air Force,

290
00:17:38,624 --> 00:17:41,527
Bob just out of high school
on the front lines in Europe

291
00:17:41,527 --> 00:17:45,364
when he was killed in
the Battle of the Bulge.

292
00:17:45,364 --> 00:17:46,498
Jim was devastated.

293
00:17:46,498 --> 00:17:49,268
His new bride, Marilu,
encouraged him

294
00:17:49,268 --> 00:17:50,769
to harness his grief and anger

295
00:17:50,769 --> 00:17:53,739
to make his life
count for Bob's.

296
00:17:53,739 --> 00:17:55,974
Her words and partnership
shaped their lives

297
00:17:55,974 --> 00:17:58,377
and left an indelible
mark on the region.

298
00:17:58,377 --> 00:18:00,379
After law school at the UW,

299
00:18:00,379 --> 00:18:03,715
Jim worked for a respected local
firm and began volunteering

300
00:18:03,715 --> 00:18:05,984
with the Municipal
League in the early 50s.

301
00:18:05,984 --> 00:18:09,254
He came to understand the
importance of civic engagement

302
00:18:09,254 --> 00:18:11,657
and bringing people of
differing views together

303
00:18:11,657 --> 00:18:13,826
to solve big challenges.

304
00:18:13,826 --> 00:18:16,895
Jim's first major
project was very personal.

305
00:18:16,895 --> 00:18:19,631
In the summer of
1958, Lake Washington,

306
00:18:19,631 --> 00:18:22,034
one of his favorite
places to swim as a child,

307
00:18:22,034 --> 00:18:25,370
was closed to swimming due to
a record algae bloom fueled

308
00:18:25,370 --> 00:18:28,407
by untreated sewage
flowing into the lake.

309
00:18:28,407 --> 00:18:31,543
Similar issues plagued the
waterfront as industrial runoff

310
00:18:31,543 --> 00:18:34,480
and raw sewage poured
into Puget Sound.

311
00:18:34,480 --> 00:18:36,949
Jim brought together a
broad coalition of leaders,

312
00:18:36,949 --> 00:18:40,486
creating the Municipality of
Metropolitan Seattle, Metro.

313
00:18:40,486 --> 00:18:43,355
In 1958, voters approved funding

314
00:18:43,355 --> 00:18:46,658
for regional sewage
treatment and planning began.

315
00:18:46,658 --> 00:18:48,227
Over ten years, construction

316
00:18:48,227 --> 00:18:50,796
of ten sewage treatment
plants was completed

317
00:18:50,796 --> 00:18:53,432
and untreated discharges
into Lake Washington went

318
00:18:53,432 --> 00:18:56,368
from 20 million gallons
a day to zero.

319
00:18:56,368 --> 00:18:58,770
People swam in the lake again.

320
00:18:58,770 --> 00:19:01,340
By the mid-60s, the
economy was booming.

321
00:19:01,340 --> 00:19:03,375
The public infrastructure
was strained.

322
00:19:03,375 --> 00:19:06,145
Ellis stepped up to lead an
ambitious initiative named

323
00:19:06,145 --> 00:19:09,982
Forward Thrust, calling for
roads, rapid transit, new parks,

324
00:19:09,982 --> 00:19:12,651
modern airport, convention
center and more.

325
00:19:12,651 --> 00:19:16,054
Voters enthusiastically
approved most of Forward Thrust.

326
00:19:16,054 --> 00:19:18,190
Unfortunately, Rapid
Transit failed

327
00:19:18,190 --> 00:19:20,726
to get the super majority
needed for passage,

328
00:19:20,726 --> 00:19:22,761
missing out on major
federal funding

329
00:19:22,761 --> 00:19:25,864
for the project's $1.2
billion price tag.

330
00:19:25,864 --> 00:19:28,634
Present day Sound Transit's
final tab will exceed

331
00:19:28,634 --> 00:19:30,402
$100 billion.

332
00:19:30,402 --> 00:19:34,473
Mary Lou Ellis brought
balance to Jim's life,

333
00:19:34,473 --> 00:19:37,376
raising their four children
while being his sounding board

334
00:19:37,376 --> 00:19:40,179
and serving the community
despite fighting diabetes,

335
00:19:40,179 --> 00:19:44,216
a battle she lost in 1982.

336
00:19:44,216 --> 00:19:47,419
Jim again channeled
his grief into service,

337
00:19:47,419 --> 00:19:49,254
championing Freeway Park
and the Washington State

338
00:19:49,254 --> 00:19:50,455
Convention Center.

339
00:19:50,455 --> 00:19:54,193
Then in 1990, Ellis
assembled a broad coalition

340
00:19:54,193 --> 00:19:57,563
to create the Mountains to Sound
Greenway, balancing rapid growth

341
00:19:57,563 --> 00:20:01,200
with preserving the region's
rich cultural history, ecology,

342
00:20:01,200 --> 00:20:03,735
wildlife and recreational
opportunities,

343
00:20:03,735 --> 00:20:07,706
earning designation as a
National Heritage Area.

344
00:20:09,875 --> 00:20:15,180
A mentor to me and many others,
Jim Ellis, who passed in 2019,

345
00:20:15,180 --> 00:20:18,817
had a will to serve, inspiring
us to patiently work together

346
00:20:18,817 --> 00:20:24,256
through ups and downs to create
a shared vision for our future.

347
00:20:26,425 --> 00:20:29,761
>> Black settlers
arrived in Seattle

348
00:20:29,761 --> 00:20:31,697
within a decade of its founding.

349
00:20:31,697 --> 00:20:34,766
The African American
population remained small

350
00:20:34,766 --> 00:20:36,201
for almost a century.

351
00:20:36,201 --> 00:20:38,570
When thousands of
African Americans moved

352
00:20:38,570 --> 00:20:42,507
to the city during World War II
to work in the defense industry,

353
00:20:42,507 --> 00:20:45,744
they encountered a
highly segregated society.

354
00:20:45,744 --> 00:20:49,314
Most white property owners
refused to rent apartments

355
00:20:49,314 --> 00:20:53,151
to African Americans, and
many deeds included legal

356
00:20:53,151 --> 00:20:55,587
requirements which
prevented homeowners

357
00:20:55,587 --> 00:20:58,557
from selling to nonwhite buyers.

358
00:20:58,557 --> 00:21:02,294
This led to most of Seattle's
new African American residents

359
00:21:02,294 --> 00:21:05,864
to settle in the Central
District where they collaborated

360
00:21:05,864 --> 00:21:08,667
with the neighborhood's
longstanding black residents

361
00:21:08,667 --> 00:21:12,004
to establish a thriving
nexus of culture,

362
00:21:12,004 --> 00:21:15,407
community networks and activism.

363
00:21:15,407 --> 00:21:19,011
As Seattle hosted the
World's Fair in 1962

364
00:21:19,011 --> 00:21:21,280
to celebrate the
region's technological

365
00:21:21,280 --> 00:21:23,081
and scientific achievements,

366
00:21:23,081 --> 00:21:25,784
black activists implemented
public campaigns

367
00:21:25,784 --> 00:21:29,521
that emphasized their
exclusion from this progress.

368
00:21:29,521 --> 00:21:31,857
Homegrown civil rights
organizations

369
00:21:31,857 --> 00:21:34,293
like the Central Area
Civil Rights Committee

370
00:21:34,293 --> 00:21:36,595
and local leaders
like Edwin Pratt,

371
00:21:36,595 --> 00:21:38,530
director of the Seattle
Urban League,

372
00:21:38,530 --> 00:21:42,734
led efforts to contest racially
restrictive housing policies,

373
00:21:42,734 --> 00:21:47,072
hiring discrimination and
overcrowded public schools.

374
00:21:47,072 --> 00:21:50,942
Their efforts led the city to
pass stronger open housing laws,

375
00:21:50,942 --> 00:21:53,945
implement educational
integration policies,

376
00:21:53,945 --> 00:21:58,283
and compelled employers to
begin hiring black workers.

377
00:21:58,283 --> 00:22:02,454
Despite some gains, racial
inequality remained rampant.

378
00:22:02,454 --> 00:22:05,290
The Central Area Committee
for Peace and Improvement,

379
00:22:05,290 --> 00:22:09,561
led by Les McIntosh, fought
for increased community control

380
00:22:09,561 --> 00:22:10,896
over neighborhood schools.

381
00:22:10,896 --> 00:22:13,398
In 1968, the University

382
00:22:13,398 --> 00:22:16,368
of Washington's black
Student Union staged a sit in,

383
00:22:16,368 --> 00:22:20,272
in the president's office,
leading to a major increase

384
00:22:20,272 --> 00:22:23,208
in black student
enrollment at the university.

385
00:22:23,208 --> 00:22:27,145
Tragically, backlash to
black activism resulted

386
00:22:27,145 --> 00:22:32,684
in the assassination of Edwin
Pratt outside his home in 1969.

387
00:22:32,684 --> 00:22:35,420
New black political
leaders came to prominence

388
00:22:35,420 --> 00:22:38,123
after the radicalism
of the late 60s.

389
00:22:38,123 --> 00:22:41,727
Social worker Peggy Joan Maxie
became the first black woman

390
00:22:41,727 --> 00:22:44,262
to serve in the state
House of Representatives

391
00:22:44,262 --> 00:22:47,966
and Norm Rice became the
first African American mayor,

392
00:22:47,966 --> 00:22:52,170
serving two terms
from 1990 to 1998.

393
00:22:52,170 --> 00:22:56,341
Even though black residents had
more opportunities in housing,

394
00:22:56,341 --> 00:22:59,010
employment and social mobility,

395
00:22:59,010 --> 00:23:02,280
rising housing costs forced
many black Seattleites

396
00:23:02,280 --> 00:23:04,182
to move farther south.

397
00:23:04,182 --> 00:23:07,519
Black Activists, then
and now, have continued

398
00:23:07,519 --> 00:23:10,722
to build upon the foundations
of their predecessors

399
00:23:10,722 --> 00:23:16,094
to build a more equitable city.

400
00:23:17,896 --> 00:23:24,202
>> Seattle, a young, remote
city, is hardly a hotbed

401
00:23:24,202 --> 00:23:26,638
for arts and culture,
such as places

402
00:23:26,638 --> 00:23:29,875
like New York, London or Vienna.

403
00:23:29,875 --> 00:23:33,845
But after almost 10 million
visitors attended the second

404
00:23:33,845 --> 00:23:36,515
World's Fair, the arts took off.

405
00:23:36,515 --> 00:23:39,851
>> Nineteen-sixty-two was really
the beginning of the flourishing

406
00:23:39,851 --> 00:23:40,986
of the arts in Seattle.

407
00:23:40,986 --> 00:23:44,990
Yes, we had a symphony
since 1903, but in '62,

408
00:23:44,990 --> 00:23:48,059
there was an exhibition
hall at the World's Fair.

409
00:23:48,059 --> 00:23:49,327
All of a sudden, what happened

410
00:23:49,327 --> 00:23:54,199
in 1962 was we had a
symphony orchestra.

411
00:23:54,199 --> 00:23:58,370
>> It was led by legendary
music director, Milton Katims,

412
00:23:58,370 --> 00:24:01,339
in a civic auditorium he
called the Opera House,

413
00:24:01,339 --> 00:24:05,710
even though Seattle Opera
didn't start until 1963.

414
00:24:05,710 --> 00:24:11,216
Pacific Northwest Ballet
would follow in 1972.

415
00:24:11,216 --> 00:24:13,251
>> I can't imagine a
life without music,

416
00:24:13,251 --> 00:24:15,454
without visual arts,
without dance.

417
00:24:15,454 --> 00:24:19,224
And we wanted to give that
to the people of Seattle.

418
00:24:19,224 --> 00:24:21,660
>> Major companies in major
cities aren't as important

419
00:24:21,660 --> 00:24:24,029
as major cultural institutions
are, or for that matter,

420
00:24:24,029 --> 00:24:26,231
major educational institutions.

421
00:24:26,231 --> 00:24:30,035
>> As the region evolved, the
arts organizations flourished,

422
00:24:30,035 --> 00:24:33,638
driven by community
leaders and philanthropists.

423
00:24:33,638 --> 00:24:36,908
The scope and scale was
impressive, with unique

424
00:24:36,908 --> 00:24:40,445
and innovative facilities
created to host artists

425
00:24:40,445 --> 00:24:42,981
from all over the world.

426
00:24:44,883 --> 00:24:48,720
>> We became one of the great
cultural centers in the country

427
00:24:48,720 --> 00:24:51,289
with a great ballet,
great opera,

428
00:24:51,289 --> 00:24:54,326
great symphony hall,
wonderful theater.

429
00:24:54,326 --> 00:24:57,896
That's the story of how
this city was meant to be.

430
00:24:57,896 --> 00:25:03,535
>> Will tech savvy Seattle
continue to support the arts?

431
00:25:03,535 --> 00:25:05,270
Will it find new audiences?

432
00:25:05,270 --> 00:25:15,146
Who will step up to lead arts
and culture into the future?

433
00:25:15,146 --> 00:25:23,288
>> Namu, the captive killer
whale, was the toast of Seattle.

434
00:25:23,288 --> 00:25:26,358
When Ted Griffin arrived in
Elliott Bay with Namu in tow

435
00:25:26,358 --> 00:25:30,395
in June 1965, he was given a
key to the city, and thousands

436
00:25:30,395 --> 00:25:32,898
of city residents
turned out to greet him.

437
00:25:32,898 --> 00:25:35,467
Griffin had desperately wanted
a killer whale for his aquarium

438
00:25:35,467 --> 00:25:36,801
on the Seattle waterfront.

439
00:25:36,801 --> 00:25:39,838
When he heard a killer whale
had accidentally been caught

440
00:25:39,838 --> 00:25:43,108
in a fisherman's net in
Namu Bay, British Columbia,

441
00:25:43,108 --> 00:25:46,678
he headed north with a backpack
full of cash to buy him.

442
00:25:46,678 --> 00:25:51,182
Namu was the world's first
captive performing killer whale,

443
00:25:51,182 --> 00:25:54,920
and he sparked a craze for
more performing orcas all

444
00:25:54,920 --> 00:25:56,221
over the world.

445
00:25:56,221 --> 00:25:59,758
Puget Sound and the Salish
Sea were the primary source

446
00:25:59,758 --> 00:26:01,359
of supply.

447
00:26:03,094 --> 00:26:06,364
Seattle rooted for Griffin as he
chased the whales by helicopter

448
00:26:06,364 --> 00:26:10,602
and speedboat, using seal
bombs to herd them into coves

449
00:26:10,602 --> 00:26:12,337
and bays he would net off

450
00:26:12,337 --> 00:26:15,640
to make his selection
from the captives.

451
00:26:15,640 --> 00:26:18,810
He preferentially targeted the
young, the cheapest to ship

452
00:26:18,810 --> 00:26:22,247
and easiest to train, sending
them all over the world.

453
00:26:22,247 --> 00:26:27,152
Lolita was the last Puget
Sound killer whale still left

454
00:26:27,152 --> 00:26:28,553
in captivity.

455
00:26:28,553 --> 00:26:33,658
She died in a concrete tank
in Miami's Seaquarium in 2023

456
00:26:33,658 --> 00:26:37,429
after more than 50
years in captivity,

457
00:26:37,429 --> 00:26:39,331
despite many efforts
to save her.

458
00:26:39,331 --> 00:26:44,703
Ironically, it was the capture
era that opened people's eyes

459
00:26:44,703 --> 00:26:47,138
to the true nature of
killer whales, once thought

460
00:26:47,138 --> 00:26:50,275
of as vermin and
shot by fishermen.

461
00:26:50,275 --> 00:26:53,378
Seeing their intelligence
and gentleness

462
00:26:53,378 --> 00:26:57,382
up close changed everything
for the whale called killer,

463
00:26:57,382 --> 00:27:01,653
now protected and even revered.

464
00:27:01,653 --> 00:27:03,622
The capture of killer
whales was outlawed

465
00:27:03,622 --> 00:27:08,226
in Puget Sound for good in 1976.

466
00:27:08,226 --> 00:27:11,429
But by then, the captures had
taken a third of the pods.

467
00:27:11,429 --> 00:27:17,202
Today, they remain at
grave risk of extinction.

468
00:27:20,372 --> 00:27:26,645
>> Washington spent
most of the 20th century

469
00:27:26,645 --> 00:27:29,381
as a political battleground,
sometimes red,

470
00:27:29,381 --> 00:27:32,017
sometimes blue, often purple.

471
00:27:32,017 --> 00:27:35,020
It unseated Democratic
Governor Al Rosellini in favor

472
00:27:35,020 --> 00:27:37,956
of Republican Dan Evans in 1964.

473
00:27:37,956 --> 00:27:41,559
Ronald Reagan captured the
state's electoral votes in 1980

474
00:27:41,559 --> 00:27:45,063
and '84, the last
Republican to carry the state.

475
00:27:45,063 --> 00:27:48,667
There's not been a GOP
governor in over 40 years.

476
00:27:48,667 --> 00:27:51,469
The changing political
complexion has coincided

477
00:27:51,469 --> 00:27:54,005
with changes in how the
state lives and works.

478
00:27:54,005 --> 00:27:56,307
Some of it is just math.

479
00:27:56,307 --> 00:27:58,877
Washington state has
over 8 million people,

480
00:27:58,877 --> 00:28:02,647
with nearly 5 million residing
in the central Puget Sound core.

481
00:28:02,647 --> 00:28:07,218
Over 70% of the state's economic
activity comes from this area.

482
00:28:07,218 --> 00:28:11,389
Money plus people equals
power at the ballot box.

483
00:28:11,389 --> 00:28:13,291
Gone are the days
when Boeing workers

484
00:28:13,291 --> 00:28:15,727
and loggers ruled
the voting booth.

485
00:28:15,727 --> 00:28:19,164
Washington is now a high-tech
center, home to Microsoft,

486
00:28:19,164 --> 00:28:21,166
Amazon, and Starbucks.

487
00:28:21,166 --> 00:28:24,636
Its younger workforce
leans left, very left.

488
00:28:24,636 --> 00:28:27,772
Less than 30% of King
County voters voted

489
00:28:27,772 --> 00:28:29,107
for President Trump.

490
00:28:29,107 --> 00:28:34,579
In 2025, Seattle elected a
Democratic socialist mayor.

491
00:28:34,579 --> 00:28:36,214
Think of it this way.

492
00:28:36,214 --> 00:28:40,685
Before 1970, the officially
nonpartisan Seattle City Council

493
00:28:40,685 --> 00:28:42,821
was overwhelmingly Republican.

494
00:28:42,821 --> 00:28:47,025
Since that time, the population
has grown by 2.3 million people.

495
00:28:47,025 --> 00:28:50,295
The Seattle area is younger
by almost five years,

496
00:28:50,295 --> 00:28:53,298
way more educated,
wealthier, and more diverse

497
00:28:53,298 --> 00:28:56,167
than the United States
average, all contributing

498
00:28:56,167 --> 00:28:57,535
to political leanings.

499
00:28:57,535 --> 00:28:59,404
Except for Evans governorship

500
00:28:59,404 --> 00:29:03,174
and the 1994 Republican
Revolution in Congress,

501
00:29:03,174 --> 00:29:05,343
the D's dominance
has left moderate,

502
00:29:05,343 --> 00:29:07,078
mainstream Republicans,

503
00:29:07,078 --> 00:29:09,781
long part of the state's
political ecosystem,

504
00:29:09,781 --> 00:29:12,584
as endangered as
the spotted owl.

505
00:29:12,584 --> 00:29:15,887
Some Republicans in eastern
Washington are so distraught,

506
00:29:15,887 --> 00:29:19,390
they want to secede from
the state and join Idaho.

507
00:29:19,390 --> 00:29:23,595
Seattle hasn't had a
Republican mayor in 56 years.

508
00:29:23,595 --> 00:29:25,697
Both U.S. senators
Maria Cantwell

509
00:29:25,697 --> 00:29:29,701
and Patty Murray have been in
office for at least 25 years.

510
00:29:29,701 --> 00:29:32,904
And before that,
Democratic Senators Magnuson

511
00:29:32,904 --> 00:29:39,110
and Jackson held their seats for
36 and 30 years, respectively.

512
00:29:39,110 --> 00:29:42,714
Another 1.8 million people,
mostly young and ambitious,

513
00:29:42,714 --> 00:29:46,384
are expected in the
Seattle area by 2050.

514
00:29:46,384 --> 00:29:49,087
Will the state become a
political battleground again?

515
00:29:49,087 --> 00:29:53,625
Will long streaks of Democratic
dominance continue or be broken?

516
00:29:53,625 --> 00:29:57,328
Is another big shift coming?

517
00:29:57,328 --> 00:30:02,400
[ Music ]

518
00:30:02,400 --> 00:30:06,704
>> Born in 1926, the Reverend
Dr. Samuel Berry McKinney was

519
00:30:06,704 --> 00:30:09,174
much more than a
prominent Christian pastor

520
00:30:09,174 --> 00:30:11,509
and a leading figure in
the civil rights movement.

521
00:30:11,509 --> 00:30:13,645
>> And when they get
voting rights in Alabama,

522
00:30:13,645 --> 00:30:15,980
they'll be further
ahead than we are here.

523
00:30:15,980 --> 00:30:19,317
>> He was also my
father and my pastor.

524
00:30:19,317 --> 00:30:23,121
My father's impact spanned
more than seven decades

525
00:30:23,121 --> 00:30:26,825
and extended beyond the pulpit
of Mount Zion Baptist Church.

526
00:30:26,825 --> 00:30:30,728
He championed human equality and
participated in pivotal marches

527
00:30:30,728 --> 00:30:35,433
such as Selma to Montgomery
and the march on Washington.

528
00:30:35,433 --> 00:30:38,837
I remember how the realities
of his public life spilled

529
00:30:38,837 --> 00:30:39,971
into our private life.

530
00:30:39,971 --> 00:30:42,774
Our telephone lines were tapped.

531
00:30:42,774 --> 00:30:45,276
I witnessed guns
pointed at my father.

532
00:30:45,276 --> 00:30:47,512
Even our church was bombed.

533
00:30:47,512 --> 00:30:52,150
Once, I was held at gunpoint
for nearly nine hours.

534
00:30:52,150 --> 00:30:56,621
Despite the threats, a deep
belief in my father's mission

535
00:30:56,621 --> 00:31:01,659
and in God's wisdom instilled
in me a sense of safety,

536
00:31:01,659 --> 00:31:04,128
men like Andrew Young,
Martin Luther King,

537
00:31:04,128 --> 00:31:06,364
and my father were propelled

538
00:31:06,364 --> 00:31:09,634
by a purpose larger
than themselves.

539
00:31:09,634 --> 00:31:13,037
For his congregation,
he was a shepherd

540
00:31:13,037 --> 00:31:16,574
to the world, a civil
rights giant.

541
00:31:16,574 --> 00:31:19,577
To me, he was the
father who let me stand

542
00:31:19,577 --> 00:31:22,046
on his shoes to learn the waltz.

543
00:31:22,046 --> 00:31:24,282
Seattle honored him
by renaming a portion

544
00:31:24,282 --> 00:31:27,318
of 19th Avenue near
Mount Zion Baptist Church

545
00:31:27,318 --> 00:31:31,289
as Reverend Dr. S.
McKinney Avenue.

546
00:31:31,289 --> 00:31:36,394
My father passed away in
2018 at the age of 91.

547
00:31:36,394 --> 00:31:40,698
A mountain of a man who
worked to make Seattle a place

548
00:31:40,698 --> 00:31:44,469
of greater justice,
dignity, and opportunity.

549
00:31:44,469 --> 00:31:46,537
So, what's next?

550
00:31:46,537 --> 00:31:50,942
Doing the work, living with
purpose, telling the story,

551
00:31:50,942 --> 00:31:53,745
passing the lessons along.

552
00:31:59,150 --> 00:32:02,453
>> Look at a map of
the United States.

553
00:32:02,453 --> 00:32:05,790
From New York to Seattle,
it's almost 3,000 miles.

554
00:32:05,790 --> 00:32:09,127
And from Washington, D.C.
to Seattle, about the same.

555
00:32:09,127 --> 00:32:11,362
Seattle's way up
here in the corner.

556
00:32:11,362 --> 00:32:12,897
Distant from the cultural

557
00:32:12,897 --> 00:32:15,867
and political centers
of American life.

558
00:32:15,867 --> 00:32:19,070
Far from the influences of
tradition and convention,

559
00:32:19,070 --> 00:32:23,875
the northwest has long attracted
free thinkers and dissenters,

560
00:32:23,875 --> 00:32:26,978
people who want to leave
behind the shackles of normalcy

561
00:32:26,978 --> 00:32:29,480
and pursue unbounded lives.

562
00:32:29,480 --> 00:32:33,184
Some came as early as
1880 and set up colonies

563
00:32:33,184 --> 00:32:36,387
in experimental living in
Port Angeles, near Bellingham,

564
00:32:36,387 --> 00:32:38,156
and elsewhere in
western Washington.

565
00:32:38,156 --> 00:32:42,427
Many of these colonies were
founded on socialist principles.

566
00:32:42,427 --> 00:32:45,563
Political thought drove much
of the region's radicalism,

567
00:32:45,563 --> 00:32:49,701
but social and cultural
forces were at work as well.

568
00:32:49,701 --> 00:32:52,103
The free love movement
flourished.

569
00:32:52,103 --> 00:32:56,441
Its guiding principle was
tolerance for every way of life.

570
00:32:56,441 --> 00:32:59,911
Inevitably, though, it
was economic circumstances

571
00:32:59,911 --> 00:33:02,046
that fomented the most dissent.

572
00:33:02,046 --> 00:33:05,383
As Seattle and environs
industrialized,

573
00:33:05,383 --> 00:33:08,619
unions grew in strength,
and so did demand

574
00:33:08,619 --> 00:33:10,421
for better wages
and better hours.

575
00:33:10,421 --> 00:33:14,158
The Industrial Workers of the
World, a union otherwise known

576
00:33:14,158 --> 00:33:18,396
as the Wobblies, successfully
organized strikes and protests.

577
00:33:18,396 --> 00:33:20,631
Sometimes violence ensued.

578
00:33:20,631 --> 00:33:22,767
The Depression era
saw a deepening

579
00:33:22,767 --> 00:33:26,537
and strong strengthening of
radical activism in Seattle.

580
00:33:26,537 --> 00:33:29,774
In the late 1940s though,
the Red Scare put radicals

581
00:33:29,774 --> 00:33:31,843
under suspicion and scrutiny,

582
00:33:31,843 --> 00:33:34,345
culminating in hearings
undertaken

583
00:33:34,345 --> 00:33:38,216
by State Representative Albert
Canwell's fact-finding committee

584
00:33:38,216 --> 00:33:40,451
on un-American activities.

585
00:33:40,451 --> 00:33:42,153
Radicalism rose again, though.

586
00:33:42,153 --> 00:33:45,390
In the 60s and the 70s,
anti-war activists known

587
00:33:45,390 --> 00:33:47,125
as the Seattle Seven
were charged

588
00:33:47,125 --> 00:33:49,727
with conspiracy to
incite a riot.

589
00:33:49,727 --> 00:33:52,864
Members of the United Indian
People's Council occupied Fort

590
00:33:52,864 --> 00:33:56,634
Lawton to assert indigenous
claims to the land there.

591
00:33:56,634 --> 00:34:00,705
And members of Seattle's Latino
Latina community occupied a

592
00:34:00,705 --> 00:34:04,709
deserted elementary school to
create El Centro de la Raza,

593
00:34:04,709 --> 00:34:07,945
the Center for People
of All Races.

594
00:34:07,945 --> 00:34:11,516
Seattle garnered
international attention in 1999

595
00:34:11,516 --> 00:34:14,385
when 40,000 protesters
sought to shut

596
00:34:14,385 --> 00:34:17,188
down a World Trade
Organization convention.

597
00:34:17,188 --> 00:34:20,458
Hundreds of anti-globalization
activists were arrested

598
00:34:20,458 --> 00:34:24,662
in what came to be known
as the Battle of Seattle.

599
00:34:24,662 --> 00:34:27,098
Unrest flared again in 2020

600
00:34:27,098 --> 00:34:29,233
after the killing
of George Floyd.

601
00:34:29,233 --> 00:34:32,637
In June, a swath of Seattle's
Capitol Hill was declared

602
00:34:32,637 --> 00:34:34,272
autonomous by protesters.

603
00:34:34,272 --> 00:34:41,345
And once again, dissent in
Seattle made national news.

604
00:34:41,345 --> 00:34:46,651
[ Music ]

605
00:34:46,651 --> 00:34:48,953
>> Seattle stepped onto
the international stage

606
00:34:48,953 --> 00:34:51,022
after our second World's Fair

607
00:34:51,022 --> 00:34:53,891
in a city changing race
to invent the future.

608
00:34:53,891 --> 00:34:54,992
Along the way, some

609
00:34:54,992 --> 00:34:57,662
of our memorable local
icons got exploded.

610
00:34:57,662 --> 00:35:00,665
Characters and institutions
got run over by new highways,

611
00:35:00,665 --> 00:35:03,901
or they just got pushed
away or faded into memories.

612
00:35:03,901 --> 00:35:06,704
It was the early days
of local television.

613
00:35:06,704 --> 00:35:09,006
>> Hi there, boys and girls.

614
00:35:09,006 --> 00:35:14,378
>> I'm a Puget Sound sailor
on the old Windberg Four.

615
00:35:14,378 --> 00:35:23,521
[ Music ]

616
00:35:23,521 --> 00:35:27,625
>> Stores large and small.

617
00:35:27,625 --> 00:35:32,997
We still smile warmly at some
of our unique characters.

618
00:35:34,465 --> 00:35:36,334
>> Hi, I'm Dick Balch.

619
00:35:36,334 --> 00:35:37,869
How many more to go?

620
00:35:37,869 --> 00:35:41,272
>> Here we go.

621
00:35:41,272 --> 00:35:44,208
>> I saw Bill the Beer Man at
every Seattle game I went to.

622
00:35:44,208 --> 00:35:47,712
Yep, a live gorilla
in a store in Tacoma.

623
00:35:47,712 --> 00:35:51,349
Quirky landmarks and icons
didn't escape either.

624
00:35:51,349 --> 00:36:03,194
[ Music ]

625
00:36:03,194 --> 00:36:05,730
The media landscape
changed as well.

626
00:36:05,730 --> 00:36:07,064
Some disappeared.

627
00:36:07,064 --> 00:36:09,066
Some went online.

628
00:36:12,170 --> 00:36:15,072
And who can forget
a Seattle original?

629
00:36:15,072 --> 00:36:18,276
Man, I'm much better
looking now.

630
00:36:19,577 --> 00:36:24,282
Time marches on and the
tide waits for no one.

631
00:36:24,282 --> 00:36:25,816
Something is surely lost.

632
00:36:25,816 --> 00:36:27,451
Something is surely gained.

633
00:36:27,451 --> 00:36:28,753
What we leave behind says a lot

634
00:36:28,753 --> 00:36:31,956
about who we were
and who we will be.

635
00:36:31,956 --> 00:36:35,226
That is an ice cream dish those
guys are running around with.

636
00:36:35,226 --> 00:36:36,561
>> One more thing to say to you.

637
00:36:36,561 --> 00:36:40,331
Smooth sailing and bye for now.

638
00:36:40,331 --> 00:36:44,769
[ Music ]

639
00:36:44,769 --> 00:36:47,438
>> Seattle has always
been a boom and bust town

640
00:36:47,438 --> 00:36:50,741
that has punched above its
weight, with aspirations

641
00:36:50,741 --> 00:36:53,077
to become a global
economic force

642
00:36:53,077 --> 00:36:56,914
and attain the coveted
status of world class city.

643
00:36:56,914 --> 00:37:01,285
In the 1960s and 70s, civic
leaders promoted growth, tourism

644
00:37:01,285 --> 00:37:03,588
and urban renewal,
including a plan

645
00:37:03,588 --> 00:37:06,657
to redevelop Pike Place
Market into office

646
00:37:06,657 --> 00:37:10,528
and apartment towers,
hotels and parking garages.

647
00:37:10,528 --> 00:37:14,065
Prominent journalist Emmett
Watson, whose career spanned

648
00:37:14,065 --> 00:37:17,201
over 50 years, penned
biting commentaries

649
00:37:17,201 --> 00:37:20,204
on Seattle's changing
social landscape.

650
00:37:20,204 --> 00:37:21,772
A supporter of the
countercultural

651
00:37:21,772 --> 00:37:25,009
and antiwar movements and the
pool halls and cheap diners

652
00:37:25,009 --> 00:37:27,845
of downtown, Watson
became especially known

653
00:37:27,845 --> 00:37:32,149
for his Lesser Seattle effort,
skewering what he considered

654
00:37:32,149 --> 00:37:35,453
to be self-serving business
establishment proposals

655
00:37:35,453 --> 00:37:38,789
to sanitize the city of its
gritty qualities and remake it

656
00:37:38,789 --> 00:37:42,760
into something more
swanky and out of reach

657
00:37:42,760 --> 00:37:45,162
of common working people.

658
00:37:45,162 --> 00:37:48,432
For Watson, lesser was better.

659
00:37:48,432 --> 00:37:50,668
Fast forward to the mid-2000s.

660
00:37:50,668 --> 00:37:53,471
The city is experiencing
its second tech boom

661
00:37:53,471 --> 00:37:56,774
and quickly becoming
an Amazon company town.

662
00:37:56,774 --> 00:37:59,310
Like in previous boom
periods, global attention

663
00:37:59,310 --> 00:38:02,680
and capital flood in,
bringing explosive growth

664
00:38:02,680 --> 00:38:05,049
and growing pains.

665
00:38:05,049 --> 00:38:07,818
The past is torn down to
make way for the future.

666
00:38:07,818 --> 00:38:12,056
As longtime landmarks, homes and
gathering places are shuttered

667
00:38:12,056 --> 00:38:14,592
or bulldozed for
upscale development,

668
00:38:14,592 --> 00:38:19,764
the grunge of a funky maritime
blue-collar town seems virtually

669
00:38:19,764 --> 00:38:24,201
overnight to morph into a
code worshipping corporate

670
00:38:24,201 --> 00:38:26,137
techtropolis of tomorrow.

671
00:38:26,137 --> 00:38:30,141
The nation's fastest growing
city sees skyrocketing rents,

672
00:38:30,141 --> 00:38:32,977
a growing gulf between
the haves and have nots,

673
00:38:32,977 --> 00:38:35,413
and entire communities
transformed.

674
00:38:35,413 --> 00:38:37,515
Neighborhoods like the
historically black Central

675
00:38:37,515 --> 00:38:40,751
District, Scandinavian
Ballard and queer

676
00:38:40,751 --> 00:38:43,654
and artistic Capitol
Hill experience swift

677
00:38:43,654 --> 00:38:46,023
and severe gentrification
as residents

678
00:38:46,023 --> 00:38:49,226
and local businesses
are displaced.

679
00:38:49,226 --> 00:38:51,562
With echoes of Emmett, many fear

680
00:38:51,562 --> 00:38:55,800
that Seattle's social fabric is
being unraveled, losing its come

681
00:38:55,800 --> 00:38:59,070
as you are character
and sense of place.

682
00:38:59,070 --> 00:39:01,505
Perhaps the spirit
of Lesser Seattle

683
00:39:01,505 --> 00:39:05,376
and Emmett Watson will
continue to be invoked as long

684
00:39:05,376 --> 00:39:09,180
as Seattle grapples with what
kind of city it wants to be

685
00:39:09,180 --> 00:39:13,517
and how much or how
little we allow the past

686
00:39:13,517 --> 00:39:15,853
to inform our future.

687
00:39:17,788 --> 00:39:26,230
>> In the late 1960s to early
70s, the old historic buildings

688
00:39:26,230 --> 00:39:29,700
of Pioneer Square were
slated to be bulldozed

689
00:39:29,700 --> 00:39:32,370
for condominiums
and parking lots.

690
00:39:32,370 --> 00:39:34,405
Most of these buildings
dated from just

691
00:39:34,405 --> 00:39:38,075
after the Great Seattle
fire of 1889.

692
00:39:38,075 --> 00:39:40,644
My father, Alan Black,
was determined

693
00:39:40,644 --> 00:39:43,347
to save these vintage buildings.

694
00:39:43,347 --> 00:39:45,649
Along with architect
Ralph Anderson

695
00:39:45,649 --> 00:39:47,852
and gallery owner Richard White,

696
00:39:47,852 --> 00:39:50,354
they envisioned a
revitalized district

697
00:39:50,354 --> 00:39:53,758
with historic low-rise
buildings and open spaces

698
00:39:53,758 --> 00:39:56,594
for both locals and tourists.

699
00:39:56,594 --> 00:39:58,963
>> Around the same
time, my father,

700
00:39:58,963 --> 00:40:00,731
architect Victor Steinbrook,

701
00:40:00,731 --> 00:40:04,268
led efforts to save the
iconic Pike Place Market

702
00:40:04,268 --> 00:40:08,005
from Seattle's powerful
financial and political leaders

703
00:40:08,005 --> 00:40:09,907
who wanted it demolished.

704
00:40:09,907 --> 00:40:12,510
They envisioned a
glitzy new development

705
00:40:12,510 --> 00:40:17,448
of luxury high rise
condominiums and upscale shops.

706
00:40:17,448 --> 00:40:21,385
For over a century, the
market has hosted generations

707
00:40:21,385 --> 00:40:25,122
of family-owned stalls,
many operated

708
00:40:25,122 --> 00:40:29,059
by immigrants including
Japanese and Italian farmers

709
00:40:29,059 --> 00:40:33,464
and merchants who brought unique
foods and crafts to the city.

710
00:40:33,464 --> 00:40:38,736
My dad called it
Seattle's heart and soul.

711
00:40:38,736 --> 00:40:42,940
>> The 70s were a dicey time
to borrow money and take risks

712
00:40:42,940 --> 00:40:47,044
with prime interest
rates at 18%.

713
00:40:47,044 --> 00:40:50,214
One of the first buildings
to ignite the revitalization

714
00:40:50,214 --> 00:40:54,084
of Pioneer Square was the
Grand Central on the Park.

715
00:40:54,084 --> 00:40:56,153
Elliot Bay Books
and art galleries

716
00:40:56,153 --> 00:40:58,889
like Foster White
opened their doors.

717
00:40:58,889 --> 00:41:00,724
Many other buildings
were restored,

718
00:41:00,724 --> 00:41:03,594
and the Pioneer Square
Historic District was created

719
00:41:03,594 --> 00:41:05,062
to preserve the neighborhood.

720
00:41:05,062 --> 00:41:07,932
>> But just how was
the market saved?

721
00:41:07,932 --> 00:41:12,837
Beginning in 1964, a scrappy
group known as the Friends

722
00:41:12,837 --> 00:41:16,507
of the Market was organized
to campaign, agitate

723
00:41:16,507 --> 00:41:19,343
and protest the developers

724
00:41:19,343 --> 00:41:23,447
and their political
allies at City Hall.

725
00:41:23,447 --> 00:41:27,918
Grassroots volunteers spent
eight years resisting.

726
00:41:27,918 --> 00:41:32,423
It wasn't an easy fight,
but in November 1971,

727
00:41:32,423 --> 00:41:37,061
Seattle voters resoundingly
approved Proposition 1,

728
00:41:37,061 --> 00:41:39,997
which saved the Pike
Place Market forever.

729
00:41:39,997 --> 00:41:43,534
>> Both of our dads are
remembered as preservationists.

730
00:41:43,534 --> 00:41:46,136
>> They helped save
both Pioneer Square

731
00:41:46,136 --> 00:41:48,339
and the Pike Place Market.

732
00:41:48,339 --> 00:41:50,341
Today they are historic --

733
00:41:50,341 --> 00:41:52,109
>> And important places --

734
00:41:52,109 --> 00:42:01,919
>> [In unison] -- for
all of us to enjoy.

735
00:42:01,919 --> 00:42:08,158
>> On [foreign name] a long
time ago, my grandmother,

736
00:42:08,158 --> 00:42:12,863
Topshablue Vi Hilbert [phonetic]
was born on the Skagit River.

737
00:42:12,863 --> 00:42:15,466
She devoted her life
to Lushootseed,

738
00:42:15,466 --> 00:42:18,769
the indigenous language
of this land.

739
00:42:18,769 --> 00:42:20,004
Her family lived

740
00:42:20,004 --> 00:42:22,573
in the traditional ways
of our Skagit people.

741
00:42:22,573 --> 00:42:27,378
And unlike many other
children, she was never punished

742
00:42:27,378 --> 00:42:29,680
for speaking Lushootseed.

743
00:42:29,680 --> 00:42:33,050
Her family often welcomed
visiting scholars who wanted

744
00:42:33,050 --> 00:42:34,919
to learn about our culture.

745
00:42:34,919 --> 00:42:39,189
One linguist, Tom Hess,
recognized how fluent she was

746
00:42:39,189 --> 00:42:42,126
in both English and Lushootseed.

747
00:42:42,126 --> 00:42:45,462
He showed her how to write
the language and then handed

748
00:42:45,462 --> 00:42:48,198
over his University of
Washington class to her.

749
00:42:48,198 --> 00:42:52,069
She continued teaching
for 15 years.

750
00:42:52,069 --> 00:42:56,140
She studied old recordings
from the 1950s and consulted

751
00:42:56,140 --> 00:43:01,078
with tribal elders to help
keep the language alive.

752
00:43:01,078 --> 00:43:03,914
My grandmother spoke
at a variety of events

753
00:43:03,914 --> 00:43:06,884
where she would always
speak in Lushootseed.

754
00:43:06,884 --> 00:43:10,020
She became a renowned
storyteller

755
00:43:13,457 --> 00:43:17,127
and received the National
Heritage Fellowship award.

756
00:43:17,127 --> 00:43:20,764
She created books and videos
and later digital materials.

757
00:43:20,764 --> 00:43:26,537
Though she passed away in
2008, we continue her work

758
00:43:26,537 --> 00:43:30,307
through Lushootseed research
and host an annual conference

759
00:43:30,307 --> 00:43:33,677
at Seattle University
in her honor.

760
00:43:33,677 --> 00:43:36,947
[Foreign language spoken]
We miss her dearly.

761
00:43:36,947 --> 00:43:47,791
>> Seattle's long
history as a home

762
00:43:47,791 --> 00:43:51,428
for innovative thinking has
reached really been a matter

763
00:43:51,428 --> 00:43:53,564
of economic survival.

764
00:43:53,564 --> 00:43:55,332
It kept us relevant.

765
00:43:55,332 --> 00:43:57,635
Seattle has always
attracted innovators,

766
00:43:57,635 --> 00:44:00,270
people who didn't
quite fit in and wanted

767
00:44:00,270 --> 00:44:02,806
to do something new
and different.

768
00:44:02,806 --> 00:44:06,343
And isolation hadn't mattered
to the first entrepreneurs drawn

769
00:44:06,343 --> 00:44:10,814
by natural resources and
ready markets in California.

770
00:44:10,814 --> 00:44:15,152
The next economic wave built on
our position on the Pacific Rim

771
00:44:15,152 --> 00:44:17,788
as Seattle became the
largest west coast port

772
00:44:17,788 --> 00:44:19,923
and shipbuilding center.

773
00:44:19,923 --> 00:44:23,827
But resources and shipping
would plateau by midcentury,

774
00:44:23,827 --> 00:44:27,231
and Seattle needed
new economic drivers.

775
00:44:27,231 --> 00:44:30,801
For many growing industries,
distance was irrelevant.

776
00:44:30,801 --> 00:44:34,471
Airplanes and software
delivered themselves.

777
00:44:34,471 --> 00:44:38,275
The region became a center for
medical research, architecture,

778
00:44:38,275 --> 00:44:42,379
engineering, and other
brainy and creative fields

779
00:44:42,379 --> 00:44:44,848
that can be done from anywhere.

780
00:44:44,848 --> 00:44:48,919
Local key companies focused
on quality and innovation.

781
00:44:48,919 --> 00:44:51,622
Make the best stuff and
your customers won't worry

782
00:44:51,622 --> 00:44:53,490
about shipping costs.

783
00:44:53,490 --> 00:44:57,261
Kenworth made the finest
Class A trucks in the country.

784
00:44:57,261 --> 00:45:01,532
Delta Marine built super
yachts found around the world.

785
00:45:01,532 --> 00:45:05,436
Medical ultrasound was pioneered
at the University of Washington,

786
00:45:05,436 --> 00:45:09,273
giving rise to a large
medical device industry.

787
00:45:09,273 --> 00:45:11,508
How cool is that?

788
00:45:11,508 --> 00:45:14,511
Quality and innovation
drove another mainstay

789
00:45:14,511 --> 00:45:18,982
of Seattle's economy:
retail and hospitality.

790
00:45:18,982 --> 00:45:22,786
John Nordstrom invested his
take from the Klondike gold rush

791
00:45:22,786 --> 00:45:26,023
in a shoe store that
became a national leader

792
00:45:26,023 --> 00:45:28,325
in service-driven retailing.

793
00:45:28,325 --> 00:45:32,830
Costco focused on high
quality merchandise in bulk.

794
00:45:32,830 --> 00:45:36,633
Starbucks saw the appeal
of a great cup of coffee

795
00:45:36,633 --> 00:45:41,572
and the magic of providing a
convivial third place to enjoy

796
00:45:41,572 --> 00:45:44,475
that coffee with friends.

797
00:45:44,475 --> 00:45:47,478
Innovation extended
to the public sector

798
00:45:47,478 --> 00:45:50,681
with Seattle deploying the
nation's first bicycle police

799
00:45:50,681 --> 00:45:54,418
and medic one emergency
services.

800
00:45:54,418 --> 00:45:57,087
Seattle has sustained
its success

801
00:45:57,087 --> 00:45:59,957
because innovators stick around.

802
00:45:59,957 --> 00:46:02,626
Bill Boeing didn't
go to Long Beach.

803
00:46:02,626 --> 00:46:05,796
Bill Gates, Paul Allen
and Jeff Bezos didn't go

804
00:46:05,796 --> 00:46:07,431
to Silicon Valley.

805
00:46:07,431 --> 00:46:10,701
Seattle has built
something quite remarkable.

806
00:46:10,701 --> 00:46:14,838
An environment that attracts
innovators with a stickiness

807
00:46:14,838 --> 00:46:18,208
that keeps them here to
reinvent over and over.

808
00:46:18,208 --> 00:46:26,884
>> The 1974 Boldt
decision changed everything

809
00:46:26,884 --> 00:46:28,886
for local Native Americans.

810
00:46:28,886 --> 00:46:30,654
Up until that time, the state

811
00:46:30,654 --> 00:46:33,323
of Washington had generally
treated salmon fishing

812
00:46:33,323 --> 00:46:36,126
as if it was theirs
and theirs alone,

813
00:46:36,126 --> 00:46:38,562
casting local Native
Americans aside.

814
00:46:38,562 --> 00:46:42,900
But the Medicine Creek
treaty of 1854, which seeded

815
00:46:42,900 --> 00:46:47,237
over 2 million acres of land in
South Puget Sound of the state,

816
00:46:47,237 --> 00:46:50,374
gave tribal nations in
western Washington the right

817
00:46:50,374 --> 00:46:52,242
of taking fish at all usual

818
00:46:52,242 --> 00:46:54,578
and occasionally accustomed
grounds and stations.

819
00:46:54,578 --> 00:46:58,248
However, when tribes
exercised their treaty rights,

820
00:46:58,248 --> 00:47:02,753
they were regularly arrested
by state game wardens.

821
00:47:02,753 --> 00:47:05,222
>> We fished every day.

822
00:47:05,222 --> 00:47:06,490
We continued to fish.

823
00:47:06,490 --> 00:47:08,392
We'd fought them every day.

824
00:47:08,392 --> 00:47:10,994
We never gave up.

825
00:47:10,994 --> 00:47:14,164
>> Back in the 1960s, the state
of Washington said, "Indians,

826
00:47:14,164 --> 00:47:16,767
you have to stay on your
reservation and fish."

827
00:47:16,767 --> 00:47:20,604
And for us here, we knew that in
that treaty it gave us the right

828
00:47:20,604 --> 00:47:22,673
to fish, hunt and gather
in all of our usual

829
00:47:22,673 --> 00:47:25,375
and accustomed grounds.

830
00:47:25,375 --> 00:47:29,213
>> The fish wars took
place in the 1960s and 70s

831
00:47:29,213 --> 00:47:32,216
on the Nisqually River
at Frank's Landing,

832
00:47:32,216 --> 00:47:36,820
where there were fish ins,
standoffs, warning shots,

833
00:47:36,820 --> 00:47:40,390
arrests and ongoing
threats as state authorities

834
00:47:40,390 --> 00:47:42,659
and native fishermen faced off.

835
00:47:42,659 --> 00:47:45,963
The tribes refused to back down.

836
00:47:45,963 --> 00:47:47,431
The conflict headed to court

837
00:47:47,431 --> 00:47:50,234
and eventually Judge
George Hugo Boldt ruled

838
00:47:50,234 --> 00:47:53,770
against Washington
state's claims.

839
00:47:53,770 --> 00:47:58,976
>> What Judge Boldt decided
was 50% went to the tribes,

840
00:47:58,976 --> 00:48:05,716
50% went to the state, which
leading up to Boldt in --

841
00:48:05,716 --> 00:48:12,289
in this case, it was a 98% to
the state, 2% to the tribes.

842
00:48:12,289 --> 00:48:14,024
>> The importance of
the Boldt decision, one,

843
00:48:14,024 --> 00:48:16,526
it recognized tribes
as sovereign nations

844
00:48:16,526 --> 00:48:19,429
and as governments, but it
also, it made us co-managers

845
00:48:19,429 --> 00:48:20,797
with the state of Washington.

846
00:48:20,797 --> 00:48:25,903
And for us as Indian tribes,
this river, the salmon, the air,

847
00:48:25,903 --> 00:48:27,037
the water, everything

848
00:48:27,037 --> 00:48:31,041
that mother earth gives
us, that's who we are.

849
00:48:31,041 --> 00:48:35,312
>> Determination was the
key to their long fight.

850
00:48:35,312 --> 00:48:38,749
Others like Willie's father,
Billy, as well as Al Bridges,

851
00:48:38,749 --> 00:48:41,551
Herman Johns, and
Don and Jack McLeod,

852
00:48:41,551 --> 00:48:45,656
demanded their treaty
rights again and again.

853
00:48:45,656 --> 00:48:49,660
So, did Janet McLeod, a
descendant of Chief Seattle

854
00:48:49,660 --> 00:48:52,796
and Puyallup activist
Ramona Bennett.

855
00:48:52,796 --> 00:48:56,366
In the face of repeated
arrests and fines,

856
00:48:56,366 --> 00:48:58,735
they refused to back off.

857
00:48:58,735 --> 00:49:03,173
Billy Frank Jr. became the
leader and public face.

858
00:49:03,173 --> 00:49:04,675
>> He dealt with
seeing the struggle

859
00:49:04,675 --> 00:49:05,776
that our people went through.

860
00:49:05,776 --> 00:49:07,511
And he'd always tell me, "Son,

861
00:49:07,511 --> 00:49:10,781
as long as this river is
still running and flowing,

862
00:49:10,781 --> 00:49:13,083
we have a chance to
bring balance back."

863
00:49:13,083 --> 00:49:15,118
>> This helped get
us on a better track

864
00:49:15,118 --> 00:49:18,255
to honoring the treaty,
protecting the resource

865
00:49:18,255 --> 00:49:21,391
that is critical to all of us.

866
00:49:21,391 --> 00:49:25,162
>> Billy Frank Jr.
passed away in 2014.

867
00:49:25,162 --> 00:49:29,399
His statue now graces the halls
of Congress in Washington D.C.

868
00:49:29,399 --> 00:49:32,836
where he represents the
state of Washington,

869
00:49:32,836 --> 00:49:37,407
a testament to his
courage and determination.

870
00:49:37,407 --> 00:49:40,143
>> The river free
flows for a reason

871
00:49:40,143 --> 00:49:41,945
since the beginning of time.

872
00:49:41,945 --> 00:49:46,183
The creeks, the habitat,
that's the beginning.

873
00:49:46,183 --> 00:49:51,321
It's alive.

874
00:49:51,321 --> 00:49:55,959
[ Music ]

875
00:49:55,959 --> 00:49:59,196
>> In the late 1970s,
Seattle was best known

876
00:49:59,196 --> 00:50:01,898
for airplanes, timber, and rain.

877
00:50:01,898 --> 00:50:03,500
That was about to change.

878
00:50:03,500 --> 00:50:06,069
When Microsoft relocated
from Albuquerque

879
00:50:06,069 --> 00:50:09,906
to the Puget Sound region in
1979, it was still a small,

880
00:50:09,906 --> 00:50:12,075
ambitious software company.

881
00:50:12,075 --> 00:50:15,812
Returning to Seattle was a
homecoming for the two founders.

882
00:50:15,812 --> 00:50:19,282
Paul Allen had grown up in north
Seattle's Wedgwood neighborhood,

883
00:50:19,282 --> 00:50:22,519
the son of a librarian
and a schoolteacher.

884
00:50:22,519 --> 00:50:25,288
Bill Gates grew up in
nearby Laurel Hearst.

885
00:50:25,288 --> 00:50:28,825
They both attended the
exclusive Lakeside School.

886
00:50:28,825 --> 00:50:31,628
What attracted Bill and
Paul wasn't just geography.

887
00:50:31,628 --> 00:50:32,796
It was possibility.

888
00:50:32,796 --> 00:50:35,966
Seattle offered access
to technical talent,

889
00:50:35,966 --> 00:50:38,135
proximity to major universities,

890
00:50:38,135 --> 00:50:40,270
and a culture open
to experimentation.

891
00:50:40,270 --> 00:50:42,639
It would become the
soil in which one

892
00:50:42,639 --> 00:50:45,942
of the world's most influential
companies would grow.

893
00:50:45,942 --> 00:50:49,713
>> We had no idea exactly
how fast the rocket

894
00:50:49,713 --> 00:50:51,882
of home computers
was going to take off

895
00:50:51,882 --> 00:50:53,517
and how our software was going

896
00:50:53,517 --> 00:50:56,586
to become an amazing
part of that.

897
00:50:56,586 --> 00:51:00,190
>> As Microsoft expanded
through the 1980s and 1990s,

898
00:51:00,190 --> 00:51:01,925
its impact on Seattle deepened.

899
00:51:01,925 --> 00:51:04,761
The company's software,
MS DOS, Windows

900
00:51:04,761 --> 00:51:07,898
and Office became standard
tools in homes, schools

901
00:51:07,898 --> 00:51:10,367
and workplaces around the world.

902
00:51:10,367 --> 00:51:11,668
Rapid growth followed.

903
00:51:11,668 --> 00:51:15,138
Thousands of engineers,
coders and researchers moved

904
00:51:15,138 --> 00:51:17,741
to the region, transforming
suburban communities

905
00:51:17,741 --> 00:51:20,644
like Redmond and
reshaping the local economy.

906
00:51:20,644 --> 00:51:22,712
At a time when Seattle
was vulnerable

907
00:51:22,712 --> 00:51:24,681
to Boeing's economic downturns,

908
00:51:24,681 --> 00:51:27,284
Microsoft provided
stability and growth.

909
00:51:27,284 --> 00:51:30,353
Economists began to
describe a multiplier effect.

910
00:51:30,353 --> 00:51:33,924
Each Microsoft job supported
many more, across construction,

911
00:51:33,924 --> 00:51:36,593
retail, education, and services.

912
00:51:36,593 --> 00:51:38,462
The company didn't
just create wealth.

913
00:51:38,462 --> 00:51:40,263
It anchored an ecosystem.

914
00:51:40,263 --> 00:51:41,431
>> From the beginning,

915
00:51:41,431 --> 00:51:44,034
Microsoft's vision
was expansive.

916
00:51:44,034 --> 00:51:46,336
>> Well, a computer on every
desk and in every home.

917
00:51:46,336 --> 00:51:49,639
>> That vision aligned with
Seattle's emerging identity

918
00:51:49,639 --> 00:51:51,341
as a city of innovation.

919
00:51:51,341 --> 00:51:52,642
As Microsoft matured,

920
00:51:52,642 --> 00:51:54,578
it attracted other
technology companies,

921
00:51:54,578 --> 00:51:57,147
from startups to global giants.

922
00:51:57,147 --> 00:52:00,050
Amazon, located in
Seattle in 1994,

923
00:52:00,050 --> 00:52:03,053
so it could access
Microsoft talent.

924
00:52:03,053 --> 00:52:05,355
Seattle turned into an
international tech hub,

925
00:52:05,355 --> 00:52:10,327
one defined not just by
products, but by ideas.

926
00:52:10,327 --> 00:52:14,164
Microsoft's influence also
extended into civic life.

927
00:52:14,164 --> 00:52:16,867
Through philanthropy,
volunteerism, and partnerships

928
00:52:16,867 --> 00:52:19,469
with schools and
nonprofits, the company

929
00:52:19,469 --> 00:52:22,539
and its employees invested
heavily in the community.

930
00:52:22,539 --> 00:52:25,175
Today, Seattle's global
reputation as a center

931
00:52:25,175 --> 00:52:27,677
for technology and
innovation cannot be separated

932
00:52:27,677 --> 00:52:29,579
from Microsoft's rise.

933
00:52:29,579 --> 00:52:33,116
The company helped redefine
the city economically,

934
00:52:33,116 --> 00:52:35,418
culturally, and globally.

935
00:52:35,418 --> 00:52:37,554
What began as a small
software firm,

936
00:52:37,554 --> 00:52:39,589
became a catalyst
for transformation.

937
00:52:39,589 --> 00:52:42,559
And in growing alongside
Seattle,

938
00:52:42,559 --> 00:52:44,628
Microsoft helped
shape the whole region

939
00:52:44,628 --> 00:52:49,332
into the future it now inhabits.

940
00:52:49,332 --> 00:52:55,338
>> Seattle's rich cultural
diversity is on display

941
00:52:55,338 --> 00:52:58,942
in the Chinatown
International District.

942
00:52:58,942 --> 00:53:01,144
Generations of immigrants
from China,

943
00:53:01,144 --> 00:53:05,015
Japan and the Philippines helped
build a vibrant community here

944
00:53:05,015 --> 00:53:06,383
for more than a century.

945
00:53:06,383 --> 00:53:11,688
But this multicultural expansion
was not without controversy,

946
00:53:11,688 --> 00:53:13,757
beginning with its name.

947
00:53:13,757 --> 00:53:17,727
This neighborhood has always
been called Chinatown.

948
00:53:17,727 --> 00:53:20,430
>> There's more than
Chinese living here.

949
00:53:20,430 --> 00:53:23,433
>> For decades, community
leaders fiercely disagreed

950
00:53:23,433 --> 00:53:26,203
about how they to reflect
the many ethnic enclaves

951
00:53:26,203 --> 00:53:27,437
living here.

952
00:53:27,437 --> 00:53:30,207
The city's urban growth plan
finally settled the feud

953
00:53:30,207 --> 00:53:35,011
in 1999, naming the neighborhood
the Chinatown International

954
00:53:35,011 --> 00:53:37,280
District, or the CID.

955
00:53:37,280 --> 00:53:40,383
The region continued
to grow in prominence

956
00:53:40,383 --> 00:53:44,120
as the 1960's civil rights
movement paved the way

957
00:53:44,120 --> 00:53:47,290
for Asian American
activism in Seattle.

958
00:53:47,290 --> 00:53:51,228
Through the years, Asian
Americans with roots in the CID,

959
00:53:51,228 --> 00:53:53,830
won the right to
represent their communities

960
00:53:53,830 --> 00:53:57,500
and make a mark in history.

961
00:53:57,500 --> 00:54:01,471
Another great source of pride,
legendary actor Bruce Lee.

962
00:54:01,471 --> 00:54:04,808
In the early 60s, he attended
the University of Washington

963
00:54:04,808 --> 00:54:07,944
and taught martial
arts in the community.

964
00:54:07,944 --> 00:54:12,015
That same decade also brought
major controversy as growth

965
00:54:12,015 --> 00:54:13,984
and construction ramped up.

966
00:54:13,984 --> 00:54:17,187
The city built I5 through the
middle of the neighborhood,

967
00:54:17,187 --> 00:54:19,022
splitting it in half

968
00:54:19,022 --> 00:54:22,826
and creating what is now
known as Little Saigon.

969
00:54:22,826 --> 00:54:26,463
The community was up in
arms again in the 70s

970
00:54:26,463 --> 00:54:28,265
after Seattle citizens voted

971
00:54:28,265 --> 00:54:32,802
to build the new Kingdome
right next to the CID.

972
00:54:32,802 --> 00:54:36,339
>> That public attention
really spurred the rebirth

973
00:54:36,339 --> 00:54:38,108
of the neighborhood in the 70s.

974
00:54:38,108 --> 00:54:41,411
And we see that even
today, that each period,

975
00:54:41,411 --> 00:54:44,881
there's a renaissance and then
there's a lack of attention,

976
00:54:44,881 --> 00:54:47,550
other downside, impacts.

977
00:54:47,550 --> 00:54:48,885
And then community
has to rise up again.

978
00:54:48,885 --> 00:54:53,923
>> The community's
troubles continue today.

979
00:54:53,923 --> 00:54:56,593
Racism during the
COVID pandemic led

980
00:54:56,593 --> 00:54:59,929
to multiple attacks
on Asian Americans.

981
00:54:59,929 --> 00:55:02,132
>> Stereotypes began to emerge

982
00:55:02,132 --> 00:55:06,803
about Chinese carrying
this thing called Kung Flu.

983
00:55:06,803 --> 00:55:10,240
And so, a lot of folks
started avoiding neighborhood.

984
00:55:10,240 --> 00:55:12,876
>> Little Saigon continues
to battle the impact

985
00:55:12,876 --> 00:55:16,079
of being cut off from
the rest of the CID.

986
00:55:16,079 --> 00:55:18,481
>> The concentration
of, I think homelessness

987
00:55:18,481 --> 00:55:23,119
and drug activity is more
visibly seen in Little Saigon.

988
00:55:23,119 --> 00:55:26,222
>> These public safety
challenges led Seattle's CID

989
00:55:26,222 --> 00:55:27,590
to be named as one

990
00:55:27,590 --> 00:55:32,295
of the country's most
endangered places in 2023.

991
00:55:32,295 --> 00:55:34,998
But activists remain resilient.

992
00:55:34,998 --> 00:55:37,667
>> For Little Saigon, even
though we're dealing with a lot

993
00:55:37,667 --> 00:55:41,071
of redevelopment challenges, I
see those as also opportunities.

994
00:55:41,071 --> 00:55:44,374
>> I have faith that there's
a bright future ahead.

995
00:55:44,374 --> 00:55:48,945
>> Will it be enough to save
this historic community?

996
00:55:50,347 --> 00:55:55,051
[ Music ]

997
00:55:55,051 --> 00:55:57,487
>> As prosperity came to
Seattle from the railroads,

998
00:55:57,487 --> 00:56:00,423
the Klondike Gold
Rush and World War II,

999
00:56:00,423 --> 00:56:03,393
the developments provided
a value more than money.

1000
00:56:03,393 --> 00:56:07,030
It brought time, time to enjoy
this rare part of the globe

1001
00:56:07,030 --> 00:56:09,099
and time to enjoy each other.

1002
00:56:09,099 --> 00:56:13,870
For a long time, Seattle had
minor league baseball teams,

1003
00:56:13,870 --> 00:56:16,573
the Indians and the Rainiers.

1004
00:56:16,573 --> 00:56:18,942
A minor league hockey
team, the Totems,

1005
00:56:18,942 --> 00:56:21,010
warmed many winter nights.

1006
00:56:21,010 --> 00:56:23,947
But when the NBA opened
its season in 1967

1007
00:56:23,947 --> 00:56:27,283
with an expansion franchise
called the Super Sonics,

1008
00:56:27,283 --> 00:56:30,787
it could finally be said
Seattle was a big-league city.

1009
00:56:30,787 --> 00:56:35,325
In 1968, voters authorized
$40 million

1010
00:56:35,325 --> 00:56:37,961
to build a dome stadium
called the Kingdome.

1011
00:56:37,961 --> 00:56:40,964
When it opened in '76,
the stadium rocked

1012
00:56:40,964 --> 00:56:42,732
with the brand-new Seahawks.

1013
00:56:42,732 --> 00:56:46,369
Baseball finally took hold
with the Mariners in 1977.

1014
00:56:46,369 --> 00:56:49,072
The Sonics moved in too, and
under coach Lenny Wilkens,

1015
00:56:49,072 --> 00:56:53,877
won Seattle's first big-time
pro championship in 1979.

1016
00:56:53,877 --> 00:56:55,245
>> Three, two, one.

1017
00:56:55,245 --> 00:56:59,849
And the Super Sonics win their
first ever NBA championship.

1018
00:56:59,849 --> 00:57:02,252
>> For a few years, all
the teams flourished

1019
00:57:02,252 --> 00:57:03,486
in the concrete shed.

1020
00:57:03,486 --> 00:57:07,323
At the University of
Washington, the football team

1021
00:57:07,323 --> 00:57:11,094
under coach Don James in 1991
shared a national college

1022
00:57:11,094 --> 00:57:12,495
football championship.

1023
00:57:12,495 --> 00:57:19,736
In 2004, the WNBA Storm won the
first of four championships led

1024
00:57:19,736 --> 00:57:21,704
by Hall of Fame point
guard Sue Bird.

1025
00:57:21,704 --> 00:57:29,679
The Sounders won
championships in 2016 and 2019.

1026
00:57:29,679 --> 00:57:31,881
And the Kraken arrived in 2021.

1027
00:57:31,881 --> 00:57:36,252
In 1995, the Mariners beat
the legendary New York Yankees

1028
00:57:36,252 --> 00:57:37,487
in the playoffs.

1029
00:57:37,487 --> 00:57:47,564
Yankees owner George
Steinbrenner blamed the raucous

1030
00:57:47,564 --> 00:57:49,365
indoor crowds for the defeat.

1031
00:57:49,365 --> 00:57:53,336
The Mariners leveraged superstar
Ken Griffey Jr.'s popularity

1032
00:57:53,336 --> 00:57:57,841
to build Safeco Field, now
known as T Mobile Park.

1033
00:57:57,841 --> 00:58:02,812
The Seahawks made their first
Super Bowl appearance in 2006.

1034
00:58:02,812 --> 00:58:08,017
Supported by the rowdy fan base
called the 12s, they returned

1035
00:58:08,017 --> 00:58:12,222
in 2013 to the big game with
a legendary Legion of Boom.

1036
00:58:12,222 --> 00:58:16,759
The Denver Broncos stood
no chance, losing 43 to 8.

1037
00:58:16,759 --> 00:58:18,895
On a frosty February
morning, two days later,

1038
00:58:18,895 --> 00:58:22,999
more than 700,000 people
poured into downtown streets

1039
00:58:22,999 --> 00:58:26,336
to celebrate the city's
pinnacle sports achievement.

1040
00:58:26,336 --> 00:58:32,442
And in 2026, they did it again.

1041
00:58:35,211 --> 00:58:36,813
Build a better franchise.

1042
00:58:36,813 --> 00:58:38,047
Build a better stadium.

1043
00:58:38,047 --> 00:58:40,550
Yes, Seattle will come.

1044
00:58:40,550 --> 00:58:42,619
Perhaps no other
city comes together

1045
00:58:42,619 --> 00:58:44,153
for its team so intensely.

1046
00:58:44,153 --> 00:58:54,097
If the Mariners ever
get to a World Series,

1047
00:58:54,097 --> 00:58:56,900
50 years and counting.

1048
00:58:56,900 --> 00:58:58,167
>> My, oh, my.

1049
00:58:58,167 --> 00:59:00,003
>> Fort Lawton was a military
installation in Seattle

1050
00:59:00,003 --> 00:59:03,406
that became surplus
property in the late 1960s.

1051
00:59:03,406 --> 00:59:06,242
Senator Henry Jackson
proposed a public park.

1052
00:59:06,242 --> 00:59:08,578
But when news broke that the
land would be transferred

1053
00:59:08,578 --> 00:59:12,115
to the city without its original
inhabitants, the Duwamish,

1054
00:59:12,115 --> 00:59:14,517
having the opportunity
to reclaim it,

1055
00:59:14,517 --> 00:59:18,254
Seattle's Native community
mobilized in protest.

1056
00:59:18,254 --> 00:59:21,624
Led by activists Bernie
Whitebear and Bob Satiacum,

1057
00:59:21,624 --> 00:59:25,094
negotiations with the city
initially failed, prompting them

1058
00:59:25,094 --> 00:59:27,564
to turn to direct action.

1059
00:59:27,564 --> 00:59:32,368
On March 8, 1970, Native
activists took over Fort Lawton,

1060
00:59:32,368 --> 00:59:35,505
entering from multiple
directions by climbing fences

1061
00:59:35,505 --> 00:59:39,909
and scaling the western bluff
overlooking Puget Sound.

1062
00:59:39,909 --> 00:59:42,946
They raised a tepee and
campsite inside the fort.

1063
00:59:42,946 --> 00:59:47,517
In front of a raucous crowd,
Whitebear proclaimed --

1064
00:59:47,517 --> 00:59:50,920
>> We, the Native Americans,
reclaim the land known

1065
00:59:50,920 --> 00:59:54,090
as Fort Lawton in the name
of all American Indians

1066
00:59:54,090 --> 00:59:56,292
by the right of discovery.

1067
00:59:56,292 --> 00:59:59,362
>> Despite the presence of
military police in riot gear,

1068
00:59:59,362 --> 01:00:01,698
Resurrection City
lasted three weeks

1069
01:00:01,698 --> 01:00:05,368
and received strong support
from local Native organizations,

1070
01:00:05,368 --> 01:00:08,738
particularly the American
Indian Women's Service League.

1071
01:00:08,738 --> 01:00:10,907
Supporters provided
food, supplies

1072
01:00:10,907 --> 01:00:13,743
and visibility for the cause.

1073
01:00:13,743 --> 01:00:16,846
On April 2, following
arrests and mounting pressure,

1074
01:00:16,846 --> 01:00:21,351
the activists shifted tactics
from occupation to negotiation.

1075
01:00:22,485 --> 01:00:25,688
These negotiations
proved successful.

1076
01:00:25,688 --> 01:00:27,490
Joyce Reyes and Bernie
Whitebear,

1077
01:00:27,490 --> 01:00:29,659
representing what
became the United Indians

1078
01:00:29,659 --> 01:00:32,495
of All Tribes Foundation,
persuaded the city

1079
01:00:32,495 --> 01:00:35,131
to recognize the
importance of this land

1080
01:00:35,131 --> 01:00:37,767
for Seattle's native community.

1081
01:00:37,767 --> 01:00:42,171
Twenty acres were carved out of
the 534-acre property and led

1082
01:00:42,171 --> 01:00:46,242
to the creation of the Daybreak
Star Indian Cultural center,

1083
01:00:46,242 --> 01:00:50,279
which opened in 1977
in Discovery Park.

1084
01:00:50,279 --> 01:00:53,750
Still active today, Daybreak
Star hosts annual events

1085
01:00:53,750 --> 01:00:55,618
like the Seafair
Indian Days Powwow

1086
01:00:55,618 --> 01:00:58,388
and remains a lasting symbol

1087
01:00:58,388 --> 01:01:00,823
of Seattle's Native
American activism.

1088
01:01:00,823 --> 01:01:05,328
The battle for Fort Lawton put
Seattle on the national map

1089
01:01:05,328 --> 01:01:12,268
for Native political action.

1090
01:01:15,471 --> 01:01:19,976
>> My father, George Tsutakawa,
was a Japanese American Nisei,

1091
01:01:19,976 --> 01:01:24,347
born in Seattle in 1910,
the son of a businessman.

1092
01:01:24,347 --> 01:01:27,650
He's well remembered for
his fountain sculptures,

1093
01:01:27,650 --> 01:01:31,854
which he felt embodied the
natural cycle of water falling

1094
01:01:31,854 --> 01:01:34,791
as rain, rising as mist.

1095
01:01:34,791 --> 01:01:38,227
George attended school
in Seattle until age 7,

1096
01:01:38,227 --> 01:01:40,363
when his family moved to Japan.

1097
01:01:40,363 --> 01:01:43,733
He spent ten years in
Okayama, near the Inland Sea,

1098
01:01:43,733 --> 01:01:46,636
which he loved for
swimming and fishing,

1099
01:01:46,636 --> 01:01:50,239
much like the Puget Sound
waters he later enjoyed.

1100
01:01:50,239 --> 01:01:52,975
My father preferred
drawing and art rather

1101
01:01:52,975 --> 01:01:55,645
than the family's
import-export business.

1102
01:01:55,645 --> 01:02:00,616
So, at age 16, he was disowned
and sent back to Seattle.

1103
01:02:00,616 --> 01:02:04,253
He studied art at Broadway
High School and the University

1104
01:02:04,253 --> 01:02:06,789
of Washington while
working and living

1105
01:02:06,789 --> 01:02:08,825
in his relative's produce stand

1106
01:02:08,825 --> 01:02:11,728
at Rainier Avenue
and Jackson Street.

1107
01:02:11,728 --> 01:02:14,297
As he was an American
citizen, he was drafted

1108
01:02:14,297 --> 01:02:18,968
into the U.S. army in World War
II and taught Japanese language

1109
01:02:18,968 --> 01:02:21,604
in the military intelligence
school.

1110
01:02:21,604 --> 01:02:25,942
He visited his sister's family,
incarcerated at Tule Lake Camp

1111
01:02:25,942 --> 01:02:30,613
in California, and was
introduced to Ayame Iwasa,

1112
01:02:30,613 --> 01:02:34,550
a noted student of
Japanese traditional dance.

1113
01:02:34,550 --> 01:02:38,821
She came to Seattle in
1947 to marry my father.

1114
01:02:38,821 --> 01:02:42,024
It was an arranged marriage.

1115
01:02:42,024 --> 01:02:46,529
Dad taught at the UW School
of Art for more than 35 years.

1116
01:02:46,529 --> 01:02:51,267
My parents had four children,
Gerard, Deems, Marcus and me,

1117
01:02:51,267 --> 01:02:54,570
all of whom entered the
arts, and they settled

1118
01:02:54,570 --> 01:02:58,307
in a large home overlooking
Lake Washington.

1119
01:02:58,307 --> 01:03:01,077
Here he designed and built more

1120
01:03:01,077 --> 01:03:05,314
than 75 fountain
sculptures found in the U.S.,

1121
01:03:05,314 --> 01:03:08,584
Canada and Japan, as
well as creating oil

1122
01:03:08,584 --> 01:03:13,990
and sumi-e paintings of
mountains, forests and the sea.

1123
01:03:13,990 --> 01:03:19,262
My father passed away in 1997,
but his fascination with water,

1124
01:03:19,262 --> 01:03:34,010
rain and mist lives
on forever in his art.

1125
01:03:34,010 --> 01:03:37,446
>> Talented people have always
flocked to Seattle for jobs

1126
01:03:37,446 --> 01:03:41,250
in aerospace and technology,
driven by new challenges

1127
01:03:41,250 --> 01:03:43,586
and the freedom to
invent the future.

1128
01:03:43,586 --> 01:03:46,189
Some were misfits and rebels,

1129
01:03:46,189 --> 01:03:49,826
people who trusted their
crazy ideas and wanted

1130
01:03:49,826 --> 01:03:52,061
to do things their way.

1131
01:03:52,061 --> 01:03:57,667
A creative explosion followed,
but it didn't stop there.

1132
01:03:57,667 --> 01:04:02,738
In architecture, Callison and
NBBJ reimagined how stadiums

1133
01:04:02,738 --> 01:04:06,843
and public spaces could better
serve fans and citizens.

1134
01:04:06,843 --> 01:04:08,978
Paul Allen unleashed Frank Gehry

1135
01:04:08,978 --> 01:04:12,682
to boldly redefine what
a museum looks like.

1136
01:04:12,682 --> 01:04:15,952
Dale Chihuly wowed the
glassblowing world.

1137
01:04:15,952 --> 01:04:18,087
The city was full of what-ifs.

1138
01:04:18,087 --> 01:04:23,359
A tiny gaming company, Nintendo,
created a character named Mario

1139
01:04:23,359 --> 01:04:25,228
and changed the world.

1140
01:04:25,228 --> 01:04:26,896
Others followed.

1141
01:04:26,896 --> 01:04:30,900
Art Wolfe built on a great
Northwest photography tradition,

1142
01:04:30,900 --> 01:04:33,402
showing people nature
as never before.

1143
01:04:33,402 --> 01:04:38,574
An inspired German named Trimpin
integrated sculpture and music,

1144
01:04:38,574 --> 01:04:42,144
creating exhibits that
delighted young and old.

1145
01:04:42,144 --> 01:04:46,549
In graphic design, Tim Girvin
artfully created new calligraphy

1146
01:04:46,549 --> 01:04:50,920
and packaging concepts that
wowed Hollywood and the world.

1147
01:04:50,920 --> 01:04:55,024
Gary Larson and Lynda
Barry reinvented cartooning

1148
01:04:55,024 --> 01:04:57,960
with biting commentary
on modern life.

1149
01:04:57,960 --> 01:05:02,198
In advertising, who could ever
forget Roger Livingston's quirky

1150
01:05:02,198 --> 01:05:04,133
Alaska Airlines commercials?

1151
01:05:04,133 --> 01:05:05,701
>> I got a 9 a.m. flight.

1152
01:05:05,701 --> 01:05:06,469
>> No problem.

1153
01:05:06,469 --> 01:05:07,036
>> Good.

1154
01:05:07,036 --> 01:05:08,237
>> What airline?

1155
01:05:08,237 --> 01:05:08,938
>> Alaska.

1156
01:05:08,938 --> 01:05:10,206
>> Alaska?

1157
01:05:10,206 --> 01:05:13,209
>> Or the work of Terry
Heckler, who created beer ads

1158
01:05:13,209 --> 01:05:16,913
that are still talked about
and imitated to this day.

1159
01:05:16,913 --> 01:05:20,950
TV could use more of them.

1160
01:05:20,950 --> 01:05:24,520
Many others contributed to
this creative explosion.

1161
01:05:24,520 --> 01:05:27,924
Tom Robbins, Mark Morris,

1162
01:05:27,924 --> 01:05:32,929
Octavia Butler feeding off the
energy and freedom in the air.

1163
01:05:32,929 --> 01:05:34,263
People have always moved here

1164
01:05:34,263 --> 01:05:38,100
to explore not only the vast
wilderness and waterways,

1165
01:05:38,100 --> 01:05:40,603
but their own passions
and ideas.

1166
01:05:40,603 --> 01:05:43,339
What are you waiting for?

1167
01:05:43,339 --> 01:05:57,019
[ Music ]

1168
01:05:57,019 --> 01:06:00,156
>> The history of a city
can shift suddenly or hang

1169
01:06:00,156 --> 01:06:03,659
on to a status quo, unable
to find the leadership

1170
01:06:03,659 --> 01:06:06,929
or community consensus
to shake it up.

1171
01:06:06,929 --> 01:06:10,299
Sometimes it takes
an earthquake.

1172
01:06:10,299 --> 01:06:13,970
Like the shattering Nisqually
quake in the winter of 2001

1173
01:06:13,970 --> 01:06:16,906
that damaged the
Alaskan Way viaduct.

1174
01:06:16,906 --> 01:06:21,677
The destruction that day was
the spark for dramatic change.

1175
01:06:21,677 --> 01:06:25,481
Seattle tore down that
damaged viaduct and replaced it

1176
01:06:25,481 --> 01:06:27,249
with an underground
tunnel carved

1177
01:06:27,249 --> 01:06:31,187
by a massive boring
machine called Bertha

1178
01:06:31,187 --> 01:06:35,992
and created finally an
extraordinary new waterfront.

1179
01:06:35,992 --> 01:06:39,128
A rebirth of our
city's front porch.

1180
01:06:39,128 --> 01:06:41,664
The new overlook walk
from Pike Place Market

1181
01:06:41,664 --> 01:06:45,901
to an expanded aquarium gives
us one of the city's best views.

1182
01:06:45,901 --> 01:06:48,070
And it's free.

1183
01:06:48,070 --> 01:06:51,374
But as in much of urban history,
there were also frustrations,

1184
01:06:51,374 --> 01:06:55,444
blunders and political
campaign promises that failed.

1185
01:06:55,444 --> 01:06:58,614
Major misses on Seattle's
calendar.

1186
01:06:58,614 --> 01:07:00,216
See the Commons.

1187
01:07:00,216 --> 01:07:03,419
That dream of a central
park in South Lake Union.

1188
01:07:03,419 --> 01:07:06,355
Rejected twice by
Seattle voters.

1189
01:07:06,355 --> 01:07:07,690
And before that, the chance

1190
01:07:07,690 --> 01:07:10,826
for a comprehensive rapid
transit system, north and south,

1191
01:07:10,826 --> 01:07:14,463
out to Ballard and West
Seattle and across to Bellevue.

1192
01:07:14,463 --> 01:07:19,668
All 75% funded with federal
money was also turned down twice

1193
01:07:19,668 --> 01:07:23,205
in 1968, again in 1970.

1194
01:07:23,205 --> 01:07:26,976
Major defeats for Jim Ellis
and other city leaders.

1195
01:07:26,976 --> 01:07:30,079
It would be another
quarter century and hundreds

1196
01:07:30,079 --> 01:07:33,816
of gridlock commutes before
local voters would finally say

1197
01:07:33,816 --> 01:07:37,686
yes to a rapid transit
system in 2008.

1198
01:07:37,686 --> 01:07:41,457
This time with only
10% federal funding.

1199
01:07:41,457 --> 01:07:43,426
Waiting costs us.

1200
01:07:43,426 --> 01:07:46,962
The system now will take
over 35 years to build

1201
01:07:46,962 --> 01:07:49,732
and cost over $100 billion.

1202
01:07:49,732 --> 01:07:52,501
But let's close with
an upbeat note.

1203
01:07:52,501 --> 01:07:54,937
Where the Commons might
have been, we find MOHI,

1204
01:07:54,937 --> 01:07:56,639
the Museum of History
and Industry,

1205
01:07:56,639 --> 01:07:59,575
and a transformed South
Lake Union neighborhood,

1206
01:07:59,575 --> 01:08:01,877
now the heart of
Seattle's technology boom.

1207
01:08:01,877 --> 01:08:05,414
And though forward thrust
flopped on rapid transit,

1208
01:08:05,414 --> 01:08:08,784
it gave us new parklands,
a new Seattle Aquarium,

1209
01:08:08,784 --> 01:08:11,987
improvements at Sea-Tac Airport.

1210
01:08:11,987 --> 01:08:16,358
Evidence that taxes, properly
handled, can fund investments

1211
01:08:16,358 --> 01:08:23,065
that build communities
and a better civic future.

1212
01:08:25,801 --> 01:08:29,505
>> As Seattle grew into an urban
metropolis, its relationship

1213
01:08:29,505 --> 01:08:31,841
with the surrounding
environment evolved.

1214
01:08:31,841 --> 01:08:33,909
Early settlers exploited coal,

1215
01:08:33,909 --> 01:08:36,345
timber and salmon
for huge profits.

1216
01:08:36,345 --> 01:08:38,380
An approach to nature
very different

1217
01:08:38,380 --> 01:08:42,218
from the sustainable practices
of the Coast Salish people.

1218
01:08:42,218 --> 01:08:46,155
Later in the 20th century, as
the settlement became a city,

1219
01:08:46,155 --> 01:08:48,958
Seattleites' appreciation
for the natural world began

1220
01:08:48,958 --> 01:08:52,695
to surpass the drive to
misuse the bounty around them,

1221
01:08:52,695 --> 01:08:56,165
giving Seattle an unusual
distinction as a city

1222
01:08:56,165 --> 01:09:00,336
where people moved to in order
to become closer to nature.

1223
01:09:00,336 --> 01:09:03,973
The natural wonders of Mount
Rainier in the North Cascades,

1224
01:09:03,973 --> 01:09:09,145
Puget Sound and its islands, the
Olympics and innumerable rivers,

1225
01:09:09,145 --> 01:09:12,148
lakes and streams gave
rise to growing communities

1226
01:09:12,148 --> 01:09:17,052
of outdoors people who developed
a lifestyle around nature.

1227
01:09:17,052 --> 01:09:21,524
After its founding in 1906,
the mountaineers grew rapidly.

1228
01:09:21,524 --> 01:09:24,627
In 1935, they co-opted
their money

1229
01:09:24,627 --> 01:09:28,531
to purchase high quality outdoor
gear directly from Europe.

1230
01:09:28,531 --> 01:09:32,668
And REI was born, joining
local outfitters Eddie Bauer

1231
01:09:32,668 --> 01:09:35,804
and Filson in supplying the
region's hikers, campers,

1232
01:09:35,804 --> 01:09:38,941
skiers, hunters and fishermen.

1233
01:09:38,941 --> 01:09:40,309
Other retailers followed.

1234
01:09:40,309 --> 01:09:46,982
K2 getting started on Vashon
Island in 1961, JanSport in '67,

1235
01:09:46,982 --> 01:09:50,119
Outdoor Research in '81.

1236
01:09:50,119 --> 01:09:52,788
Since the islands, hills
and forests were dotted

1237
01:09:52,788 --> 01:09:55,691
with summer camps,
campgrounds and ski slopes,

1238
01:09:55,691 --> 01:09:58,360
state and national park
systems and organizations

1239
01:09:58,360 --> 01:10:01,530
like the Washington Trails
Association emerged to care

1240
01:10:01,530 --> 01:10:03,299
for the shared spaces.

1241
01:10:03,299 --> 01:10:08,470
In 1978, Outdoors for All began
its work to expand accessibility

1242
01:10:08,470 --> 01:10:11,440
to anyone who wanted
to connect with nature.

1243
01:10:11,440 --> 01:10:14,510
At the same time, local
schools increasingly began

1244
01:10:14,510 --> 01:10:17,346
to require outdoor
experiences in education

1245
01:10:17,346 --> 01:10:19,148
as part of the curriculum.

1246
01:10:19,148 --> 01:10:22,551
Nearby urban parks provided
opportunities to get lost

1247
01:10:22,551 --> 01:10:26,689
in the woods, to swim,
fish, or launch a canoe

1248
01:10:26,689 --> 01:10:29,258
without ever leaving the city.

1249
01:10:29,258 --> 01:10:30,626
The result?

1250
01:10:30,626 --> 01:10:34,196
A thriving metropolis in a vast
forest nestled between water

1251
01:10:34,196 --> 01:10:37,933
and mountains, where people
defined themselves not

1252
01:10:37,933 --> 01:10:44,940
by the work they did, but
by the trails they walked.

1253
01:10:44,940 --> 01:10:52,481
>> September 1966.

1254
01:10:52,481 --> 01:10:54,083
The Seattle Times
headline warned,

1255
01:10:54,083 --> 01:10:57,620
"Seattle Homosexual
Problem Out of Hand."

1256
01:10:57,620 --> 01:11:01,023
The police chief reported
crimes, gay bars surging

1257
01:11:01,023 --> 01:11:04,927
in Pioneer Square and an
influx of homosexuals.

1258
01:11:04,927 --> 01:11:07,363
Mayor Dorm Braman responded.

1259
01:11:07,363 --> 01:11:08,464
>> A certain amount

1260
01:11:08,464 --> 01:11:10,432
of harassment might
discourage the inflow

1261
01:11:10,432 --> 01:11:11,634
of these people to Seattle.

1262
01:11:11,634 --> 01:11:17,072
By whatever means, this
we must accomplish.

1263
01:11:17,072 --> 01:11:19,241
>> For decades, Seattle's
lesbians,

1264
01:11:19,241 --> 01:11:22,011
gays and transgenders
had suffered two labels.

1265
01:11:22,011 --> 01:11:25,581
An 1893 state law
called them criminals

1266
01:11:25,581 --> 01:11:28,517
for certain sexual behaviors
deemed against nature.

1267
01:11:28,517 --> 01:11:31,687
And a city ordinance
banned anyone appearing

1268
01:11:31,687 --> 01:11:34,256
in the dress of the other sex.

1269
01:11:34,256 --> 01:11:37,126
Psychiatry turned
them mentally ill.

1270
01:11:37,126 --> 01:11:41,096
Even being suspected could
risk a job or a family.

1271
01:11:41,096 --> 01:11:43,632
True, a vibrant bar
life had developed

1272
01:11:43,632 --> 01:11:46,235
by 1966, but it was hidden.

1273
01:11:46,235 --> 01:11:48,137
The Times article
would help launch

1274
01:11:48,137 --> 01:11:50,973
that hidden community
in an open movement.

1275
01:11:50,973 --> 01:11:54,310
It would target changes in
government, medical practices,

1276
01:11:54,310 --> 01:11:58,614
schools, churches, the
recognition of families, sports,

1277
01:11:58,614 --> 01:12:02,117
the arts, celebrations of
pride, even city geography

1278
01:12:02,117 --> 01:12:06,422
as different neighborhoods
became safer LGBTQ spaces.

1279
01:12:06,422 --> 01:12:09,658
By the 1970s, lesbians
would be creating bookstores

1280
01:12:09,658 --> 01:12:11,026
and food co-ops.

1281
01:12:11,026 --> 01:12:14,863
>> It was just such an
exciting time for lesbian women.

1282
01:12:14,863 --> 01:12:17,566
>> One activist, Jan
Denali, recalled.

1283
01:12:17,566 --> 01:12:21,070
Two gay men also launched
Seattle Gay News in 1974.

1284
01:12:21,070 --> 01:12:26,308
The criminal and
commitment laws fell.

1285
01:12:26,308 --> 01:12:30,646
Cal Anderson became the state's
first openly gay legislator.

1286
01:12:30,646 --> 01:12:33,882
And the AIDS epidemic would
produce even more organizing,

1287
01:12:33,882 --> 01:12:37,086
especially in people
of color communities.

1288
01:12:37,086 --> 01:12:39,254
Others challenged marriage laws.

1289
01:12:39,254 --> 01:12:42,758
It would take 16
years, but in 1994,

1290
01:12:42,758 --> 01:12:45,894
Seattle's Domestic Partnership
ordinance would finally offer

1291
01:12:45,894 --> 01:12:48,030
legal protection
to LGBTQ couples.

1292
01:12:48,030 --> 01:12:48,864
>> Congratulations.

1293
01:12:48,864 --> 01:12:50,199
>> Thank you so much.

1294
01:12:50,199 --> 01:12:52,034
>> The state followed with
same sex marriage recognition

1295
01:12:52,034 --> 01:12:53,669
in 20112.

1296
01:12:53,669 --> 01:12:58,374
National figures emerged
in sports and the arts.

1297
01:12:58,374 --> 01:13:00,709
Resistance always remained.

1298
01:13:00,709 --> 01:13:03,879
The 1978 initiative
overturned Seattle's civil

1299
01:13:03,879 --> 01:13:05,280
rights protections.

1300
01:13:05,280 --> 01:13:07,983
There was a Vatican punishment
for Seattle archbishop

1301
01:13:07,983 --> 01:13:11,820
who welcomed LGBTQ
Catholics and a referendum

1302
01:13:11,820 --> 01:13:13,989
to cancel the new marriage law.

1303
01:13:13,989 --> 01:13:17,593
And in perhaps its most ironic
rebuke to Mayor Braman's order

1304
01:13:17,593 --> 01:13:20,062
to discriminate, in 2014,

1305
01:13:20,062 --> 01:13:22,898
Seattle would elect its
first openly gay mayor,

1306
01:13:22,898 --> 01:13:25,634
followed by its first
openly lesbian mayor.

1307
01:13:25,634 --> 01:13:36,044
The LGBTQ movement had
changed Seattle forever.

1308
01:13:36,044 --> 01:13:38,647
>> The great Northwest
has always been a hotbed

1309
01:13:38,647 --> 01:13:41,483
of musical talent
and innovation.

1310
01:13:41,483 --> 01:13:45,087
Jazz, folk, rock, hip hop.

1311
01:13:45,087 --> 01:13:48,223
Maybe it's the rainy days
and the long winter nights,

1312
01:13:48,223 --> 01:13:53,896
but as the saying goes, when
words fail, music speaks.

1313
01:13:53,896 --> 01:13:59,268
So, it's no surprise that
out of nowhere in 1959,

1314
01:13:59,268 --> 01:14:02,838
a new local company,
Dalton Records, emerged

1315
01:14:02,838 --> 01:14:05,274
and quickly scored
huge radio hits

1316
01:14:05,274 --> 01:14:07,776
by several local teenage groups.

1317
01:14:07,776 --> 01:14:17,419
The Fleetwoods, the Frantics,
the Blue Notes and Adventures.

1318
01:14:21,256 --> 01:14:25,327
Then in 1960, the Wailers
recorded "Louie Louie,"

1319
01:14:25,327 --> 01:14:29,164
which became the Northwest's
signature rock and roll song.

1320
01:14:29,164 --> 01:14:37,239
And to this day, fans still
have fun debating the mysterious

1321
01:14:37,239 --> 01:14:39,541
muffled lyrics.

1322
01:14:39,541 --> 01:14:42,778
Now, Northwest rock
was really on a roll.

1323
01:14:42,778 --> 01:14:49,384
And more hits followed by
the Kingsmen, the Sonics,

1324
01:14:49,384 --> 01:14:52,554
Merrilee Rush and
the Turnabouts.

1325
01:14:53,489 --> 01:14:56,792
And Paul Revere and the Raiders.

1326
01:14:58,227 --> 01:15:02,297
Not to mention the 1960s
iconic rock guitarist,

1327
01:15:02,297 --> 01:15:05,234
Seattle's own Jimi Hendrix,

1328
01:15:05,234 --> 01:15:08,604
one of the greatest guitar
players of all times.

1329
01:15:08,604 --> 01:15:09,838
Along with me.

1330
01:15:09,838 --> 01:15:14,009
The 1970s and 80s
brought exciting changes.

1331
01:15:14,009 --> 01:15:18,380
New professional recording
studios, new record companies,

1332
01:15:18,380 --> 01:15:22,050
and lots of big hit
songs by Seattle rockers.

1333
01:15:22,050 --> 01:15:28,524
Heart, I know those
guys, and Queensryche,

1334
01:15:28,524 --> 01:15:31,760
the folk singer Danny O'Keefe,

1335
01:15:31,760 --> 01:15:37,399
and Tacoma's blues
band, Robert Cray.

1336
01:15:38,534 --> 01:15:41,837
Successful new record
companies also arose.

1337
01:15:41,837 --> 01:15:45,140
Nastymix Records broke
through with hip hop hits

1338
01:15:45,140 --> 01:15:50,579
by Sir Mix a Lot, while Sub Pop
Records sparked the grunge rock

1339
01:15:50,579 --> 01:15:57,853
era with key records by
Nirvana and Soundgarden.

1340
01:16:00,022 --> 01:16:07,262
Also gaining fame were Seattle's
Pearl Jam and Alice in Chains.

1341
01:16:08,463 --> 01:16:12,167
The Crocodile Cafe in
Belltown became the center

1342
01:16:12,167 --> 01:16:14,536
of the music universe.

1343
01:16:14,536 --> 01:16:17,906
More recent times have
seen a steady stream

1344
01:16:17,906 --> 01:16:21,410
of Northwest talents
finding widespread success,

1345
01:16:21,410 --> 01:16:28,784
including Macklemore, Modest
Mouse, Death Cab for Cutie.

1346
01:16:28,784 --> 01:16:37,292
The Fleet Foxes, Brandi
Carlile, and others.

1347
01:16:37,292 --> 01:16:45,767
While every regional music
scene experiences the usual ups

1348
01:16:45,767 --> 01:16:49,137
and downs and the Pacific
Northwest has seen them both

1349
01:16:49,137 --> 01:16:56,345
over time, the teenage spirit of
rock and roll itself never dies.

1350
01:16:56,345 --> 01:17:08,223
[ Music ]

1351
01:17:08,223 --> 01:17:11,393
>> Some cities grow
up, others grow out.

1352
01:17:11,393 --> 01:17:15,964
In the 1960s and 70s, the
Seattle region chose out.

1353
01:17:15,964 --> 01:17:19,368
It spread out like a latte
spilled across a table.

1354
01:17:19,368 --> 01:17:22,738
New freeways sliced through
forests and farmland.

1355
01:17:22,738 --> 01:17:26,174
I5 connected Seattle,
Tacoma and Everett,

1356
01:17:26,174 --> 01:17:28,343
405 cut through Bellevue.

1357
01:17:28,343 --> 01:17:32,414
A second floating bridge
jumped across Lake Washington.

1358
01:17:32,414 --> 01:17:34,950
Now, people could
live far from work.

1359
01:17:34,950 --> 01:17:36,985
Suburbs popped up everywhere.

1360
01:17:36,985 --> 01:17:39,521
Shopping malls covered
old farms.

1361
01:17:39,521 --> 01:17:43,392
Housing developments and
schools paved over forests.

1362
01:17:43,392 --> 01:17:45,827
You needed a car to get around.

1363
01:17:45,827 --> 01:17:48,263
Many neighborhoods
blocked black families

1364
01:17:48,263 --> 01:17:50,232
and minorities from
buying homes.

1365
01:17:50,232 --> 01:17:52,567
Only white people could buy.

1366
01:17:52,567 --> 01:17:54,936
The region wasn't just
divided by distance;

1367
01:17:54,936 --> 01:17:56,571
it was divided by race.

1368
01:17:56,571 --> 01:17:59,975
That kind of discrimination
is illegal now,

1369
01:17:59,975 --> 01:18:02,477
but the effects remain.

1370
01:18:02,477 --> 01:18:06,682
For those who could buy,
this was the American dream.

1371
01:18:06,682 --> 01:18:10,986
Cheap houses, a commute
by car, and steady work.

1372
01:18:10,986 --> 01:18:15,157
Over the decades, all those cars
created massive traffic jams.

1373
01:18:15,157 --> 01:18:18,527
And as the region kept
spreading, people watched farms

1374
01:18:18,527 --> 01:18:20,629
and forests disappear.

1375
01:18:20,629 --> 01:18:22,731
Paradise was being paved over.

1376
01:18:22,731 --> 01:18:29,037
In 1990, leaders implemented
the Growth Management Act.

1377
01:18:29,037 --> 01:18:31,339
They drew a line
around the metro region.

1378
01:18:31,339 --> 01:18:34,209
Inside the line,
cities from Bremerton

1379
01:18:34,209 --> 01:18:36,912
to Sammamish, Marysville
to Tacoma.

1380
01:18:36,912 --> 01:18:39,715
New homes and businesses
had to go there.

1381
01:18:39,715 --> 01:18:43,151
Outside, farms, forests
and parks,

1382
01:18:43,151 --> 01:18:46,421
mostly off limits to developers.

1383
01:18:46,421 --> 01:18:49,391
Protecting those forests
came with a catch.

1384
01:18:49,391 --> 01:18:51,927
As more people moved
here, the region had

1385
01:18:51,927 --> 01:18:54,096
to build up instead of out.

1386
01:18:54,096 --> 01:18:57,833
That meant taller buildings
squeezed inside the boundary.

1387
01:18:57,833 --> 01:18:59,568
It didn't go as planned.

1388
01:18:59,568 --> 01:19:02,137
Many people liked their
neighborhoods the way they were,

1389
01:19:02,137 --> 01:19:04,606
and they passed rules
that made it harder

1390
01:19:04,606 --> 01:19:06,475
to build new homes quickly.

1391
01:19:06,475 --> 01:19:09,811
So, for many years,
developers built fewer homes.

1392
01:19:09,811 --> 01:19:13,749
Demand exceeded supply,
prices skyrocketed,

1393
01:19:13,749 --> 01:19:16,451
and housing got wildly
expensive.

1394
01:19:16,451 --> 01:19:19,087
Recently, leaders tried
something different.

1395
01:19:19,087 --> 01:19:21,890
They made it easier to build
small apartment buildings,

1396
01:19:21,890 --> 01:19:24,493
townhomes, and backyard
cottages.

1397
01:19:24,493 --> 01:19:26,828
And then there's Sound
Transit's light rail.

1398
01:19:26,828 --> 01:19:29,030
Put housing near train stations,

1399
01:19:29,030 --> 01:19:31,666
and people can get
around without cars.

1400
01:19:31,666 --> 01:19:33,735
So, where do we go from here?

1401
01:19:33,735 --> 01:19:37,572
Do we change land use laws
so more housing gets built?

1402
01:19:37,572 --> 01:19:42,511
Protect neighborhoods, protect
nature, make room for everyone?

1403
01:19:42,511 --> 01:19:46,348
There's no easy answer in a
region surrounded by mountains,

1404
01:19:46,348 --> 01:19:48,650
rivers, and big bodies of water.

1405
01:19:48,650 --> 01:19:51,419
How this region looks
in the future depends

1406
01:19:51,419 --> 01:19:56,558
on what today's young
people decide matters most.

1407
01:19:56,558 --> 01:20:07,435
>> Seattle's first gold
rush started in 1899,

1408
01:20:07,435 --> 01:20:10,438
when a ship full of gold
arrived from the Klondike.

1409
01:20:10,438 --> 01:20:14,676
Everything changed overnight.

1410
01:20:14,676 --> 01:20:19,214
The second gold rush started
almost a hundred years later.

1411
01:20:19,214 --> 01:20:23,985
As is often the case, Amazon was
founded in a garage in Bellevue.

1412
01:20:23,985 --> 01:20:28,156
In less than 20 years, it became
Seattle's best-known company,

1413
01:20:28,156 --> 01:20:32,427
beyond Boeing, Starbucks,
Costco, and Microsoft.

1414
01:20:32,427 --> 01:20:37,632
Founder Jeff Bezos left his New
York investment firm job in 1994

1415
01:20:37,632 --> 01:20:40,769
for the Internet gold
rush in the Northwest,

1416
01:20:40,769 --> 01:20:44,272
hoping to snag some of
Microsoft's tech talent.

1417
01:20:44,272 --> 01:20:46,208
>> Time is the most
precious commodity

1418
01:20:46,208 --> 01:20:48,009
in the late 20th century.

1419
01:20:48,009 --> 01:20:50,712
>> There were seven
employees in '95.

1420
01:20:50,712 --> 01:20:53,448
Over 200 by '97.

1421
01:20:53,448 --> 01:20:56,852
Online orders poured into
their Seattle warehouse,

1422
01:20:56,852 --> 01:21:00,989
which soon shipped more
than 10,000 books daily.

1423
01:21:00,989 --> 01:21:03,158
If they could sell
books that way,

1424
01:21:03,158 --> 01:21:07,696
why not sell every
everything from A to Z?

1425
01:21:07,696 --> 01:21:12,567
Amazon transformed the way
people bought everything.

1426
01:21:12,567 --> 01:21:16,071
For some, their Kindles
were as popular as books.

1427
01:21:16,071 --> 01:21:19,274
Amazon Prime offered
same day delivery.

1428
01:21:19,274 --> 01:21:23,078
People talked to Alexa like
it was a member of the family.

1429
01:21:23,078 --> 01:21:28,383
By 2021, Amazon was the
state's largest employer.

1430
01:21:28,383 --> 01:21:32,687
A thousand dollars' worth of
Amazon stock in 1997 turned

1431
01:21:32,687 --> 01:21:39,160
into roughly $2.25
million by 2025.

1432
01:21:39,160 --> 01:21:43,365
Over a thousand people a week
started moving into the area.

1433
01:21:43,365 --> 01:21:46,534
Seattle's average home
price nearly doubled

1434
01:21:46,534 --> 01:21:50,005
between 2007 and 2025.

1435
01:21:50,005 --> 01:21:52,207
Parking lots turned
into high rises

1436
01:21:52,207 --> 01:21:58,546
and old warehousy South Lake
Union became Amazon town.

1437
01:21:58,546 --> 01:22:05,320
Bezos became worth more
than 250 billion by 2025.

1438
01:22:05,320 --> 01:22:08,456
It's a remarkable
ongoing gold rush.

1439
01:22:08,456 --> 01:22:13,061
It changed Seattle and
the world in many ways.

1440
01:22:13,061 --> 01:22:15,597
Some good, some bad.

1441
01:22:15,597 --> 01:22:21,836
Revolutions never go backward.

1442
01:22:21,836 --> 01:22:26,107
>> Techtown blues?

1443
01:22:26,107 --> 01:22:27,342
Seriously?

1444
01:22:27,342 --> 01:22:30,278
Seattle, city of
relentless optimism,

1445
01:22:30,278 --> 01:22:32,547
is somehow singing the blues?

1446
01:22:32,547 --> 01:22:36,551
From an airplane window or a
ferry crisscrossing Elliot Bay,

1447
01:22:36,551 --> 01:22:39,321
Seattle appears its
usual showy self.

1448
01:22:39,321 --> 01:22:43,158
Behold, new buildings set
against stunning scenery.

1449
01:22:43,158 --> 01:22:45,260
A town of gleam and glass.

1450
01:22:45,260 --> 01:22:47,529
A picture of prosperity.

1451
01:22:47,529 --> 01:22:49,097
Who can imagine a sad,

1452
01:22:49,097 --> 01:22:52,300
bluesy tune when strolling
the new waterfront?

1453
01:22:52,300 --> 01:22:55,570
For more than a century, city
leaders dreamed up new ways

1454
01:22:55,570 --> 01:22:58,273
to put Seattle on the map.

1455
01:22:58,273 --> 01:23:01,576
It was the ultimate, "Be
careful what you wish for."

1456
01:23:01,576 --> 01:23:04,646
We got bigger, bolder
and bruised.

1457
01:23:04,646 --> 01:23:08,450
During the 2010s, a thousand
people a week moved in for jobs

1458
01:23:08,450 --> 01:23:12,253
at Amazon, Microsoft
and other companies.

1459
01:23:12,253 --> 01:23:14,089
Startups spun off spectacularly.

1460
01:23:14,089 --> 01:23:18,326
By 2026, the city
had jumped too far

1461
01:23:18,326 --> 01:23:21,863
out in front of its
paddle board.

1462
01:23:21,863 --> 01:23:24,099
Layoffs by the thousands
of companies

1463
01:23:24,099 --> 01:23:25,333
that once couldn't scoop

1464
01:23:25,333 --> 01:23:28,470
up talent fast enough,
swept the region.

1465
01:23:28,470 --> 01:23:31,406
All those high-paid tech
bros boosted businesses

1466
01:23:31,406 --> 01:23:32,841
and government coffers

1467
01:23:32,841 --> 01:23:37,145
and contributed mightily
to income inequality.

1468
01:23:37,145 --> 01:23:39,848
Housing, rideshare,
restaurant prices soared.

1469
01:23:39,848 --> 01:23:43,385
A generation of Seattleites
doubted a future

1470
01:23:43,385 --> 01:23:45,587
in their expensive hometown.

1471
01:23:45,587 --> 01:23:49,791
Boxy new apartment buildings
overwhelmed leafy neighborhoods.

1472
01:23:49,791 --> 01:23:53,228
Traffic gridlock
marred livability.

1473
01:23:53,228 --> 01:23:55,597
From the pandemic
onward, tents filled,

1474
01:23:55,597 --> 01:23:58,366
then spotted parks
and sidewalks.

1475
01:23:58,366 --> 01:24:03,471
Businesses boarded up, rusted,
busted RVs lined city streets.

1476
01:24:03,471 --> 01:24:07,108
Homelessness became third
highest in the nation.

1477
01:24:07,108 --> 01:24:10,378
Crime rose significantly,
before a recent dip.

1478
01:24:10,378 --> 01:24:13,348
Seattle has always
had its ups and downs.

1479
01:24:13,348 --> 01:24:15,216
Tech is cyclical too.

1480
01:24:15,216 --> 01:24:17,852
One moment of reckoning
came in 2018,

1481
01:24:17,852 --> 01:24:21,556
when Seattle's leaders tried to
not only find someone to blame

1482
01:24:21,556 --> 01:24:23,425
for growth, homelessness
and lack

1483
01:24:23,425 --> 01:24:26,928
of affordability,
but someone to tax.

1484
01:24:26,928 --> 01:24:29,864
The city slapped new
taxes on large businesses.

1485
01:24:29,864 --> 01:24:34,069
Amazon pointedly shipped
thousands of jobs to Bellevue.

1486
01:24:34,069 --> 01:24:39,674
AI, an even more potent economic
driver, forced a new mindset.

1487
01:24:39,674 --> 01:24:42,510
Big tech meet big reset.

1488
01:24:42,510 --> 01:24:46,147
Amazon and Microsoft
collectively shed 45,000

1489
01:24:46,147 --> 01:24:49,117
positions worldwide
in nine months.

1490
01:24:49,117 --> 01:24:50,485
Another Boeing bus?

1491
01:24:50,485 --> 01:24:54,355
Hardly. Like many places,
Seattle has been better

1492
01:24:54,355 --> 01:24:57,792
at riding a boom than
managing its drawbacks.

1493
01:24:57,792 --> 01:25:01,362
If the city now seeks relief
from the gloom, relative gloom,

1494
01:25:01,362 --> 01:25:04,999
to be fair, inspiration
arises from an ability

1495
01:25:04,999 --> 01:25:07,302
to learn from past mistakes.

1496
01:25:07,302 --> 01:25:10,605
A reboot is likely.

1497
01:25:10,605 --> 01:25:16,578
In a city close to nature,
salmon serve as a metaphor.

1498
01:25:16,578 --> 01:25:20,582
Even with their own existential
challenges, silvers, sockeye

1499
01:25:20,582 --> 01:25:24,052
and kings still course
through Seattle's waterways.

1500
01:25:24,052 --> 01:25:28,490
Their example reflects our own
powerful Northwest instincts

1501
01:25:28,490 --> 01:25:31,359
and pluck to maneuver
around obstacles

1502
01:25:31,359 --> 01:25:33,094
and propel forward again.

1503
01:25:33,094 --> 01:25:44,038
>> If you love Seattle, you
must love it on a winter day.

1504
01:25:44,038 --> 01:25:47,308
The dark at 4 o'clock,
the low ceiling,

1505
01:25:47,308 --> 01:25:50,311
slate gray skies, the gloom.

1506
01:25:50,311 --> 01:25:53,214
Here is water, not as
an artist would paint it

1507
01:25:53,214 --> 01:25:56,384
or a poet would celebrate
it, but as we live it

1508
01:25:56,384 --> 01:26:00,555
in all its clammy essence during
the shortest days of the year.

1509
01:26:00,555 --> 01:26:03,825
The city has endured many
metaphorical winter days

1510
01:26:03,825 --> 01:26:06,327
over the last 175 years.

1511
01:26:06,327 --> 01:26:10,198
Fires, earthquakes, busts
that followed booms,

1512
01:26:10,198 --> 01:26:13,635
people without homes,
riots of discontent.

1513
01:26:13,635 --> 01:26:15,703
The turn off the
light suggestion

1514
01:26:15,703 --> 01:26:18,206
to the last person
leaving Seattle.

1515
01:26:18,206 --> 01:26:22,210
That famous last
person sign was in 1971.

1516
01:26:22,210 --> 01:26:24,779
Since then, metro
Seattle has gained more

1517
01:26:24,779 --> 01:26:26,581
than 2 million people.

1518
01:26:26,581 --> 01:26:29,083
In its first days with
a name and a grid,

1519
01:26:29,083 --> 01:26:30,418
this place was a squat

1520
01:26:30,418 --> 01:26:33,721
of Midwestern exiles
huddled on mud flats.

1521
01:26:33,721 --> 01:26:35,757
Skid Row, the original.

1522
01:26:35,757 --> 01:26:37,959
Now, we're a big, loud,

1523
01:26:37,959 --> 01:26:41,029
sprawling hub of
4 million people.

1524
01:26:41,029 --> 01:26:44,465
In hindsight, we probably
shouldn't have built a freeway

1525
01:26:44,465 --> 01:26:48,636
through the heart of Seattle
or lopped off all those hills

1526
01:26:48,636 --> 01:26:52,307
or constructed a giant concrete
sports dome that we blew

1527
01:26:52,307 --> 01:26:57,045
up before it hosted a Super Bowl
team or a World Series winner.

1528
01:26:57,045 --> 01:27:01,983
Or made it a crime for the
largest city in the world named

1529
01:27:01,983 --> 01:27:03,751
for a Native American,

1530
01:27:03,751 --> 01:27:07,689
to ban those same
people from living here.

1531
01:27:07,689 --> 01:27:12,060
For a time, we also got
too big for our bridges,

1532
01:27:12,060 --> 01:27:14,262
including the floating ones.

1533
01:27:14,262 --> 01:27:17,832
We took in Amazon, now the
largest private employer,

1534
01:27:17,832 --> 01:27:20,401
but never quite made
it part of the family.

1535
01:27:20,401 --> 01:27:24,906
Not yet. To the city that
gave the world REI, Boeing,

1536
01:27:24,906 --> 01:27:29,877
Nordstrom, Starbucks, Microsoft,
the University of Washington,

1537
01:27:29,877 --> 01:27:34,015
Quincy Jones and Jimi
Hendrix, it takes a little time

1538
01:27:34,015 --> 01:27:36,751
to win a permanent
seat at the table.

1539
01:27:36,751 --> 01:27:39,187
The challenge through the
length of this century,

1540
01:27:39,187 --> 01:27:41,689
as it was for the
previous hundred years,

1541
01:27:41,689 --> 01:27:45,093
is to craft a city
to match the setting.

1542
01:27:45,093 --> 01:27:46,961
No simple task.

1543
01:27:46,961 --> 01:27:50,064
The setting, of course,
was the easy part.

1544
01:27:50,064 --> 01:27:51,733
Our inheritance from nature.

1545
01:27:51,733 --> 01:27:53,935
On one side, the Salish Sea.

1546
01:27:53,935 --> 01:27:56,638
On the other, the second
largest natural lake

1547
01:27:56,638 --> 01:27:58,072
in the state of Washington.

1548
01:27:58,072 --> 01:28:01,676
All of it surrounded by
mountains with year-round snow

1549
01:28:01,676 --> 01:28:03,678
and no small amount of envy.

1550
01:28:03,678 --> 01:28:05,680
Who could screw that up?

1551
01:28:05,680 --> 01:28:07,982
We did. Several times.

1552
01:28:07,982 --> 01:28:09,817
But we'd never been one to mope.

1553
01:28:09,817 --> 01:28:12,186
We shrugged and took
in more people.

1554
01:28:12,186 --> 01:28:15,623
They keep arriving, these
aspirational Seattleites,

1555
01:28:15,623 --> 01:28:17,292
for what is still to come.

1556
01:28:17,292 --> 01:28:20,928
We are a young city with
a young person's attitude.

1557
01:28:20,928 --> 01:28:24,666
A place with more
tomorrows than yesterdays.

1558
01:28:24,666 --> 01:28:26,134
A why not city.

1559
01:28:26,134 --> 01:28:28,102
A room to fail city.

1560
01:28:28,102 --> 01:28:31,773
A sketch a Space Needle
on a cocktail napkin city.

1561
01:28:31,773 --> 01:28:35,310
A city with a motivating
chip on its shoulder.

1562
01:28:35,310 --> 01:28:36,944
"Out there?"

1563
01:28:36,944 --> 01:28:39,514
they ask from somewhere
far away.

1564
01:28:39,514 --> 01:28:41,649
"On the distant edge
of the continent?"

1565
01:28:41,649 --> 01:28:45,353
No, here. The place
we call home.

1566
01:28:45,353 --> 01:28:48,556
>> They say history
is who we are

1567
01:28:48,556 --> 01:28:54,862
and why we are the way we are.

1568
01:28:54,862 --> 01:28:58,266
In this three-part
history of Seattle,

1569
01:28:58,266 --> 01:29:01,169
we have explored the events,
people and environments

1570
01:29:01,169 --> 01:29:03,237
that helped shape this region,

1571
01:29:03,237 --> 01:29:06,441
calling on a carefully curated
team of historians, authors,

1572
01:29:06,441 --> 01:29:08,509
scholars and eyewitnesses

1573
01:29:08,509 --> 01:29:10,712
to write the stories
in their own style.

1574
01:29:10,712 --> 01:29:14,882
We've covered over 14,000
years, from the Ice Age

1575
01:29:14,882 --> 01:29:17,285
through first contact
up to the present,

1576
01:29:17,285 --> 01:29:20,922
in over 90 short
historical documentaries.

1577
01:29:20,922 --> 01:29:25,093
It's been over 11 years in
the making, a labor of love.

1578
01:29:25,093 --> 01:29:26,994
We've seen times
of great progress,

1579
01:29:26,994 --> 01:29:30,365
stubborn challenges,
mind boggling change.

1580
01:29:30,365 --> 01:29:34,902
So many great stories were left
out because of time, budgets

1581
01:29:34,902 --> 01:29:37,872
and the limitations
of broadcast TV.

1582
01:29:37,872 --> 01:29:39,640
History is made every day.

1583
01:29:39,640 --> 01:29:42,410
We hope you, the viewer,
will continue with our quest

1584
01:29:42,410 --> 01:29:44,512
to unearth the stories
we've missed

1585
01:29:44,512 --> 01:29:45,913
and tell the new
ones in the future.

1586
01:29:45,913 --> 01:29:51,052
We are all storytellers, one way
or another, and we challenge you

1587
01:29:51,052 --> 01:29:54,856
to keep our region's history
alive with your own films,

1588
01:29:54,856 --> 01:29:57,825
scripts, recordings and stories.

1589
01:29:57,825 --> 01:30:00,228
It's been an honor to
share these short films,

1590
01:30:00,228 --> 01:30:01,863
and we hope you will be inspired

1591
01:30:01,863 --> 01:30:05,867
to discover why we
are the way we are.

1592
01:30:05,867 --> 01:30:08,970
History teaches us everything,
including the future.

1593
01:30:08,970 --> 01:30:11,739
Will we learn from our mistakes?

1594
01:30:11,739 --> 01:30:12,707
We'll see.

1595
01:30:12,707 --> 01:30:13,841
>> "To Love a Place:
For Seattle."

1596
01:30:13,841 --> 01:30:27,989
Begin with songbirds,
salmon wrens and blossom

1597
01:30:27,989 --> 01:30:29,524
of the wild sweet rose.

1598
01:30:29,524 --> 01:30:32,427
Feed your love, let it grow.

1599
01:30:32,427 --> 01:30:38,166
Love the low, slung, clouds
heavy with their precious cargo.

1600
01:30:38,166 --> 01:30:41,702
Love the face of the
mountainside glowing

1601
01:30:41,702 --> 01:30:44,205
in the early evening light.

1602
01:30:44,205 --> 01:30:49,610
Love the monochrome
shine of winter skies.

1603
01:30:49,610 --> 01:30:52,480
Love the seashore's
dance of waves,

1604
01:30:52,480 --> 01:30:56,617
those eternal chorus lines
with skirts of frothy lace.

1605
01:30:56,617 --> 01:30:59,754
Love the delicate
fingers of rain tapping

1606
01:30:59,754 --> 01:31:03,724
out their lonely songs
on foggy windowpanes.

1607
01:31:03,724 --> 01:31:07,728
Love rain as it finds
its way into every shade

1608
01:31:07,728 --> 01:31:11,232
of blue and green and gray.

1609
01:31:11,232 --> 01:31:13,868
Love the cycles to
which our lives

1610
01:31:13,868 --> 01:31:15,436
and habits of time are tied.

1611
01:31:15,436 --> 01:31:19,440
From morning mist,
we learn to rise.

1612
01:31:19,440 --> 01:31:25,546
While the stream is proof that
every raindrop finds its path

1613
01:31:25,546 --> 01:31:27,815
through the city and
to the sea at last.

1614
01:31:27,815 --> 01:31:36,357
To love a place, become the
place and let it love you back.

1615
01:31:36,357 --> 01:33:12,820
[ Music ]

1616
01:33:12,820 --> 01:33:13,888
>> Funding for, "Seattle:

1617
01:33:13,888 --> 01:33:17,325
A History in Short
Stories" provided by.

1618
01:33:17,325 --> 01:33:36,377
[ Music ]